As the pregnancy months increase, during prenatal check-ups, the mode of delivery must be determined with the doctor based on the conditions of the fetus and the expectant mother. Although a caesarean section is less painful than a vaginal birth and the entire process only takes 30-60 minutes, the risks and complications of the operation are higher than those of a vaginal birth. Therefore, for the health of mother and child, if there is no indication for surgery, try to choose natural delivery. If you are really afraid of pain, you can choose painless delivery.
1. Maternal aspects: pelvic stenosis obstructing the birth canal; history of cesarean section; prepartum hemorrhage, placenta previa or early placental separation; pregnancy-induced hypertension or heart disease; reproductive tract infection. Fetus: abnormal fetal position; excessive fetal size, cephalopelvic disproportion; fetal distress, fetal heart sound changes or fetal hypoxia; multiple pregnancy.
2. Preoperative examination: A series of examinations are required before operation, including body temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, past medical history, current physical examination results, blood type, liver function, HIV virus, hepatitis C, syphilis, and judgment of pregnant women and fetuses. Health status.
3. Preparation for caesarean section: The length of hospitalization is determined by the doctor based on the condition of the fetus, and the day before the operation is scheduled according to the agreed time to prepare for the operation. Have a light dinner the night before surgery, and do not eat after 12:00 midnight to ensure intestinal cleanliness and reduce intraoperative infection. Measure vital signs and listen to fetal heart rate before surgery. The normal fetal heart rate is 120-160 beats/minute. Make sure you don\’t have any jewelry on you, prepare the skin, draw blood, insert the catheter, and send to the operating room.
4. Disinfection and anesthesia: The scope of disinfection is from the bottom of the sternum to the upper 1/3 of the thigh. When choosing epidural anesthesia, the anesthesiologist will usually gently insert an epidural tube between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae. The drug is slowly released through the tube and the mother-to-be remains conscious, but the pain disappears.
5. Surgery: At the beginning, the doctor will make a 15-20cm transverse incision in the drooping fold of the lower abdominal wall. The second incision will be in the lower segment of the uterus, which can reduce damage to the uterus and reduce the risk of another pregnancy. Longitudinal incisions are only used in emergencies. After the amniotic membrane is opened, the fetus and placenta can be removed. Sometimes, your doctor will use the palm of your hand to apply pressure to the fundus of your uterus to help with labor.
6. Newborn treatment: Dry the newborn and suck out the mucus from the mouth and nose. The pediatrician will do a physical exam and do an APGAR score to assess viability, including heartbeat, breathing, reflexes, muscle tone and skin color. After measuring the weight, length, and head circumference, and buckling the newborn\’s first footprints, it can be handed over to the parents.
7. End of the operation: The uterus and skin are sutured layer by layer for the parturient. After the wound skin is closed, it is embedded and sutured. The suture component is absorbed by the body and looks like a thin thread from the outside. The wound will heal in about five or six days. If there is no scar constitution, scars will look like wrinkles on the skin in the future.
8. Postoperative precautions:
Lie on your side with your body at an angle of 20-30 degrees to the bed surface. This position can reduce the shock and stretch pain of the incision.
After about 3 or 4 hours, when consciousness returns, you can practice turning over and sitting up. Remove the urinary catheter after 24 hours and get out of bed and move around slowly.
Do not fast within 6 hours after surgery, and gradually increase your food intake thereafter.
You can be discharged from the hospital 5 or 6 days after surgery. Pay attention to the amount of vaginal bleeding, which will be 13 times more than normal birth. If you feel unwell, please notify your doctor promptly.
9. Painless delivery: Pregnant women give birth normally under epidural anesthesia. However, the dosage will be much smaller than for a caesarean section. The anesthesiologist injects anesthetic when the pregnant woman\’s cervix is opened 3 centimeters. After anesthesia, pregnant women feel no other sensation except pain and can even move around. Within an hour or two after delivery, the patient\’s feelings will return and she can carry out normal activities, and she can be discharged from the hospital in 2 to 4 days.