During pregnancy, you have to be careful in everything. If you are not careful, you will be plagued by diseases. Hypertension during pregnancy is a common disease among expectant mothers. It usually occurs after 24 weeks of pregnancy. Symptoms such as hypertension, edema, and proteinuria appear. Severe cases can cause convulsions, coma, heart and kidney failure, and even death of mother and baby. Studies have confirmed that high blood pressure during pregnancy is very harmful to pregnant women and fetuses.
Generally speaking, there are two situations that cause high blood pressure in pregnant women: one is physiological factors; the other is physiological factors. The second is pathological factors. But no matter which factor it is, it will increase the risk of childbirth.
People who are susceptible to gestational hypertension mainly include:
1. Young first-time mothers and older first-time mothers.
2. Short and fat people.
3. The onset time is generally after 20 weeks of pregnancy, especially after 32 weeks of pregnancy.
4. Malnutrition, especially those with severe anemia.
5. People with essential hypertension, chronic nephritis, diabetes and pregnancy have a higher incidence rate and their condition may be more complicated.
6. Pregnant women with twins, polyhydramnios, and molar pregnancy have higher incidence rates.
7. In the cold season of winter and early spring and when the air pressure rises, it is easy to get sick.
8. If there is a family history, for example, the mother of a pregnant woman has a history of pregnancy-induced hypertension, the pregnant woman is more likely to suffer from this disease.
So, how to treat high blood pressure during pregnancy?
Mild hypertension can be treated on an outpatient basis, while moderate to severe gestational hypertension should be treated in the hospital. Treatment principles: sedation, antispasmodic, antihypertensive, volume expansion or diuresis, anticoagulation if necessary, timely termination of pregnancy, prevention and treatment of eclampsia and serious complications.
General treatment
1. Rest in the left lateral decubitus position: Rest is extremely important for PIH, and the left lateral decubitus position has important therapeutic significance. Lying on the left side can correct the dextrorotation of the uterus during pregnancy, reduce the pressure of the uterus on the abdominal aorta and iliac artery during pregnancy, increase the blood supply to the uterus and placenta; increase blood flow and urine output; improve the blood supply to the uterus and placenta, and correct intrauterine hypoxia ; Clinical observation shows that symptoms are reduced, weight is reduced, edema subsides, and the curative effect is significant.
2. Diet: high protein, high vitamin, low fat, low carbohydrate, low sodium diet.
3. Psychological therapy: relieve mental worries and avoid all negative stimuli.
What is good to eat for high blood pressure during pregnancy?
Reduce animal fat intake
Pregnant women with gestational hypertension should reduce their intake of animal fats. It is best to use vegetable oil as the main cooking oil, 20-25 grams per day. The heat energy of saturated fatty acids (such as lard, beef tallow, mutton oil, coconut oil, palm oil, etc.) should be less than 10%.
Control food intake
Excessive caloric intake in late pregnancyExcessive and rapid weekly weight gain are risk factors for PIH. Therefore, it is advisable for pregnant women to gain 500 grams of weight per week to consume energy. For pregnant women who are already obese, it is appropriate to increase their intake by 250 grams per week.
Control sodium intake
Sodium plays an important role in preventing and treating high blood pressure. If you consume too much sodium every day, it will constrict your blood vessels and cause your blood pressure to rise. Therefore, pregnant mothers with gestational hypertension should limit it to 3-5 grams per day. At the same time, stay away from foods with high salt content, such as sauces, pickled products, dry smoked products, pickles, pickles, canned products, fried foods, sausages, ham, etc. In addition, soy sauce is not suitable for consumption. Take too much, 6 milliliters of soy sauce is approximately equal to 1 gram of salt. For pregnant mothers who are accustomed to salty taste, they can use low-sodium salt instead of ordinary table salt to improve the taste of low-salt stir-fries.
Supplement protein
Pregnant women with severe gestational hypertension often develop hypoalbuminemia due to excessive urinary protein loss. Therefore, high-quality protein, such as milk, fish, shrimp, eggs, etc., should be taken in time to ensure the normal development of the fetus. Daily protein supplement can reach 100 grams.
Supplement calcium-rich foods
Calcium not only helps with the development of fetal bones and gums, it can also stabilize or lower blood pressure. Pregnant women with gestational hypertension are best to eat more calcium-rich foods, such as dairy products, soy products, fish, shrimp, sesame, etc. They can also take appropriate calcium supplements. If you have hypocalcemia, your daily calcium intake can reach 2,000 mg.
Supplement zinc, vitamins C and E
Pregnant women with gestational hypertension have low serum zinc levels. Therefore, if enough zinc is added to the diet, the immunity of the pregnant mother\’s body can be enhanced. In addition, vitamin C and vitamin E can inhibit lipid peroxidation in the blood and reduce the reaction of pregnancy-induced hypertension, so they also need to be supplemented appropriately.