Good health is the most important thing for pregnant mothers. However, the incidence of some diseases during pregnancy is very high, making it difficult for pregnant mothers to prevent them.
Like other expectant mothers, experts are most afraid of getting sick during pregnancy and always try to stay healthy. According to my experience, disease prevention during pregnancy must be targeted and targeted based on the occurrence of these diseases. Let’s take a look at the list of common diseases during pregnancy compiled by experts.
Top1: Hemorrhoids
Incidence rate: 76%
Hemorrhoids is a chronic disease, and the incidence of hemorrhoids in pregnant women can be as high as 76%. This is because after pregnancy, as the fetus grows day by day, the growing uterus compresses the inferior vena cava, increasing intra-abdominal pressure, affecting blood return, causing hemorrhoidal veins to become congested, dilated, and bent into a ball, thus forming hemorrhoids.
Experts remind: There are good ways to prevent and treat hemorrhoids
In the early stage of hemorrhoids, you mainly rely on diet. Do not eat spicy foods, such as Sichuan peppercorns, Sichuan peppercorns, ginger, onions, garlic, etc., as well as fried foods. Eat less indigestible foods to avoid constipation. Eat more fiber-rich vegetables and Fruits, such as purslane, celery, cabbage, spinach, fungus, daylily, apple, banana, peach, pear, melon, etc. To drink more water, it is best to drink a cup of light salt water or honey water after getting up in the morning. This can avoid constipation and reduce the irritation of hemorrhoidal veins caused by hard stools. When constipated, you can also eat more foods containing vegetable oil, such as sesame seeds, walnuts, etc. In order not to cause constipation, a small amount of laxatives, such as honey, kaiselu, etc., can be taken orally or externally. Laxatives such as rhubarb and senna should not be taken to avoid premature birth.
Pregnant mothers can take walks and do gymnastics in the morning and evening, and can elevate their pelvis by 20-25 cm while resting in bed. Avoid sitting and standing for long periods of time and take appropriate breaks. Toilet paper should be soft and clean, and prolapsed internal hemorrhoids should be removed promptly. Anal contraction exercises can also be performed. Doing anal levitation exercises once every morning and evening, 30 times each time, can strengthen the contraction of perianal tissue and is beneficial to the blood circulation of perianal tissue. Defecate regularly, develop good defecation habits, and do not read books or newspapers when going to the toilet.
Generally speaking, hemorrhoids can be cured after childbirth. Even if surgery is needed, doctors usually recommend waiting until after delivery.
Top2: Gestational diabetes
Incidence rate: 60%
According to domestic data, the probability of congenital malformations in the fetus of pregnant women with diabetes is 2-3 times that of normal pregnant women. Moreover, about 30% of patients with gestational diabetes convert to chronic type 2 diabetes after 510 years, with the final incidence rate being as high as 60%.
Expert reminder: 6 dietary principles for sugar mommies
Principle 1: Pay attention to your calorie needs
There is no special need to increase calories in the first trimester. In the second and third trimester, an additional 300 calories per day should be added based on the caloric requirements before pregnancy. Because losing weight may increase ketone bodies in the mother\’s body, causing adverse effects on the fetus, so it is not advisable to lose weight during pregnancy.
Principle 2: Pay attention to meal distribution
In order to maintain stable blood sugar levels and avoid the occurrence of ketosis, the distribution of three meals is very important. Because eating a large amount at one time will cause blood sugar to rise rapidly, and mothers who fast for too long may easily produce ketone bodies, it is recommended to eat small meals frequently and divide the daily intake into 5-6 meals. In particular, avoid too long a gap between dinner and breakfast the next day, and add snacks before going to bed.
Principle 3: Take the right amount of sugar
The intake of carbohydrates is to provide calories, maintain normal metabolism, and avoid the production of ketone bodies. Don’t mistakenly think that eating starch can control blood sugar or weight, and skip meals at all; try to avoid adding sugary drinks and sweets such as sucrose, granulated sugar, fructose, glucose, rock sugar, honey, maltose, etc., and avoid eating after meals. Blood sugar rises rapidly. If necessary, you can add a little sugar substitute, but acesulfame potassium, which is harmless to the fetus, should be used. It is recommended that you try to choose unrefined staple foods with higher fiber content, which are more conducive to blood sugar control. For example, use brown rice or five-grain rice instead of white rice, choose whole-wheat bread or steamed buns, etc. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes have higher blood sugar in the morning. You must eat less starchy foods for breakfast.
Principle 4: Pay attention to protein intake
If you have taken in enough nutrients before pregnancy, you do not need to increase your protein intake in the first trimester. In the second and third trimester of pregnancy, you need to increase your protein intake by 6 to 12 grams per day, half of which should come from proteins with high physiological value, such as eggs, milk, etc. Dark red meat, fish and soy products such as soy milk and tofu. It is best to drink at least two glasses of milk every day to obtain sufficient calcium, but do not drink milk as water to avoid raising blood sugar.
Principle 5 Grease should be noted
Vegetable oil is the main oil used for cooking. Cut back on fried, deep-fried and pastry foods, as well as animal skins and fatty meats.
Principle 6 Eat more fiber
Within an acceptable range, eat more high-fiber foods, such as replacing white rice with brown rice or five-grain rice, increasing the intake of vegetables, and eating more fresh fruits instead of juice, etc., to delay the increase in blood lipids. blood sugar and help blood sugar control be more satisfying. But don\’t eat unlimited amounts of fruit.
Top3: Gingivitis
Incidence rate: 50%
Clinically, it has been found that the incidence of gingivitis in pregnant women is as high as about 50%.
Experts remind: Dental care during pregnancy is very important
If you want to spend your pregnancy safely, you should go to the dental department for a comprehensive oral health examination before pregnancy and treat existing gingivitis promptly. Pay attention to oral hygiene during pregnancy, rinse your mouth after every meal, and brush your teeth before going to bed. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush; eat more foods rich in vitamins and protein, especially fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C.
Top4: Fungal vaginitis
Incidence rate: 15%
Pregnant women are a high-risk group for fungal vaginitis. The reason is that the level of sex hormones increases during pregnancy, which increases the glycogen content of the vaginal epithelium and changes the vaginal pH value; at the same time, the renal glucose threshold decreases and the urine glucose content increases. These are conducive to the growth and reproduction of Candida. According to statistics, about 1/3 of pregnant women have Candida in the vagina, with an incidence rate of about 15%, while the incidence of Candida in the vagina of ordinary healthy women is only 10% to 20%.
Experts remind you: Fungal vaginitis during pregnancy should be treated early
After pregnant women become ill, in a very small number of people, Candida in the vagina can ascend through the cervix, penetrate the fetal membranes, and infect the fetus, causing premature birth. In addition, multiparous women may also be infected with Candida during vaginal delivery, often causing oral candidiasis, commonly known as thrush.
Oral candida infection. Some babies may also develop perianal candidal dermatitis. It can be seen that in order to avoid infecting the fetus, pregnant women should be actively treated after suffering from fungal vaginitis. Treatment is appropriate with topical medication.