Fertilization process:
1. The fertilization process takes about 24 hours. The fertilization process begins when a capacitated sperm enters the zona pellucida of the secondary oocyte. When the egg pronucleus and sperm chromosomes fuse together, it marks the completion of the fertilization process.
2. During the process of cleavage and blastocyst formation, the cells of the fertilized egg undergo metabolic changes, and trophoblast cells adhere to the inner surface through protrusions covering adjacent cells. Since the cell surface can transmit environmental influences to the embryo, changes in the cell surface can be explained by nutrient uptake, differentiation, preparation for implantation, or mitosis.
3. The fertilized egg divides into 2 cells after 36 hours in the fallopian tube, and divides into 16 cells after 72 hours, which is called a morula.
4. On the 4th day after fertilization, the cell mass enters the uterine cavity and continues to develop in the uterine cavity. At this time, the cells have divided into 48 cells, becoming the blastocyst ready for implantation. The blastocyst secretes a hormone that helps the blastocyst bury itself in the lining of the uterus.
5. On the 6th to 7th day after fertilization, the blastocyst begins to implant. The implantation site is usually in the upper 1/3 of the uterus. Complete implantation means that the embryo has implanted and has begun to form the placenta and give birth to the fetus. 
Preventive measures:
First of all, you must choose to have sex during the fertile period, which is the ovulation period in the menstrual cycle. Find out the day of ovulation and choose the most ideal day to have sex to increase your chances of getting pregnant. Use an ovulation tester to check if it\’s your ovulation day. On the day of ovulation, the pattern will look like snowflakes.
Within 3 days after ovulation or within 3 days after basal body temperature rises, you can have sex on alternate days, and there is still a possibility of pregnancy. Research has found that the best time for AA is between 5 pm and 7 pm, because the quantity and quality of sperm vary greatly throughout the day and peak during this time. It just so happens that women are most likely to get pregnant at this time.
Avoid sexual intercourse 5 days before ovulation to ensure the quantity and quality of sperm. Relax and let nature take its course.
Early pregnancy is a very critical period, special attention needs to be paid to the following aspects:
1. **Balanced diet**:
– Increase protein, Vitamin and mineral intake such as lean meats, fish, legumes, dairy products, fresh vegetables and fruits.
– Make sure you get enough folic acid to prevent neural tube defects in your fetus.
– Avoid raw and semi-raw foods, such as sashimi, raw meat, etc., to reduce food intakeRisk of drug poisoning.
– Limit caffeine and alcohol intake as they may be harmful to the fetus.
2. **Regular prenatal check-ups**:
– Carry out prenatal check-ups according to the doctor\’s recommendations, including blood tests, urine tests, B-ultrasound examinations, etc.
– Pay attention to changes in blood pressure, blood sugar and other indicators, and promptly detect and deal with possible complications.
3. **Moderate exercise**:
– Maintain moderate physical activities, such as walking, yoga, etc., to enhance physical fitness and improve mood.
– Avoid strenuous and high-risk exercise.
4. **Avoid exposure to harmful substances**:
– Avoid exposure to toxic chemicals, radioactive substances, heavy metals and other substances that may be harmful to the fetus.
– Reduce the use of medications, especially those without your doctor’s advice.
5. **Maintain good living habits**:
– Ensure adequate rest and sleep and avoid staying up late.
– Avoid smoking and second-hand smoke exposure.
– Reduce stress and maintain an optimistic attitude.
6. **Nutritional supplement**:
– According to the doctor’s advice, appropriately supplement vitamin and mineral preparations specially designed for pregnant women.
7. **Pay attention to personal hygiene**:
– Maintain personal hygiene to avoid infection, especially during sex.
8. **Learn parenting knowledge**:
– Understand the knowledge of pregnancy care, delivery and parenting in advance to prepare for the upcoming role of mother.
9. **Establish a good medical relationship**:
– Choose a trusted doctor or medical institution and establish a good doctor-patient relationship so that you can receive timely medical support during pregnancy and guidance.
Every pregnant woman’s situation is different, so the best course of action is to tailor the above recommendations to your doctor’s individualized recommendations. Regular prenatal visits and communication with medical professionals are key to ensuring the health of mother and baby.
