Many mothers who are preparing to become pregnant want to avoid any disease during pregnancy, but this is not an easy task. What about vaccination? Vaccination is indeed a good method of prevention, but some people I am also worried about the impact on the development of my fetus. Can I get vaccinated during pregnancy? How should I get the vaccine?
First, check the vaccine before vaccination
Specific vaccines should be treated on a case-by-case basis. “More does not mean better.” Indiscriminate vaccination without considering one’s own situation may result in more gain than loss. Among all vaccine types, only hepatitis B vaccine and rubella vaccine need to be injected before pregnancy, but not every pregnant woman needs it. It is recommended that women planning pregnancy have liver function tests and rubella tests half a year before pregnancy before deciding whether they need vaccination.
Do I need to be vaccinated before pregnancy?
Take the liver function test as an example. If the test finds that multiple markers of hepatitis B virus are negative (no protective antibodies), hepatitis B vaccine can be injected (especially if the husband is a hepatitis B patient) ), so that the person has acquired immunity and protects the fetus from hepatitis B virus; and if the hepatitis B surface antibody is positive (effective protective antibodies have been obtained), there is no need to be vaccinated again. (Necessary items for pregnancy preparation—thermometer and scale)
Inject hepatitis B vaccine 11 months in advance
The incidence of hepatitis B is higher. If you are infected with hepatitis B in early pregnancy It is a trivial matter for the virus to aggravate early pregnancy reactions. Once transmitted to the fetus through the placenta, 85% to 90% of them will develop into chronic hepatitis B virus carriers, and 25% of them will transform into cirrhosis or liver cancer in adulthood. Therefore, early prevention should be carried out.
Injection time: Inject according to the procedure of 0, 1, and 6. That is, counting from the first dose, the second dose will be injected 1 month later, and the third dose will be injected 6 months later. It is recommended to have the injection at least 10 months before pregnancy.
Immunity effect: The immunity rate can reach more than 95%, and the validity period is 5-9 years. If necessary, a booster injection can be given 5-6 years after the vaccination.
Special reminder: Some people still cannot produce antibodies after the third injection, or the number of antibodies produced is very small. Therefore, a booster injection is needed. If this happens, it is best to advance the time of hepatitis B vaccine injection to 11 months before pregnancy.
Inject rubella vaccine 8 months in advanceVaccine
Rubella virus infection is one of the most important biological factors found to cause congenital malformations. If pregnant mothers are infected with the rubella virus, 25% of rubella patients will suffer serious consequences such as threatened abortion, miscarriage, and intrauterine fetal death in the early pregnancy. It may also cause congenital malformations or congenital deafness in the fetus after birth. The best prevention method is to get the rubella vaccine before pregnancy.
The same method is used to determine whether to inject rubella vaccine. If the test is negative, the vaccine must be injected half a year before pregnancy. If you already have natural immunity to the rubella virus and test positive, you do not need to get the rubella vaccine.
At present, the three most commonly used vaccines in China are rubella, measles, and mumps. That is, one injection of the vaccine can prevent these three diseases at the same time.
Injection time: advance to 8 months before pregnancy.
Immune effect: The effective rate is about 98%, which can achieve lifelong immunity.
Special reminder: Contraception should be used for at least 3 months after vaccination to prevent the vaccine from causing infection in early pregnancy. To be on the safe side, it is recommended that you give yourself enough time to get the rubella vaccine 8 months in advance. And confirm whether there are antibodies produced in the body after 2 months.
In addition, there are some vaccines that you can choose according to your own needs after consulting your doctor: hepatitis A vaccine, chickenpox vaccine, influenza vaccine, and rabies vaccine.
Flu vaccine does not play a permanent preventive role
Influenza is highly contagious. Do I need to get a flu vaccine in advance? For people with normal physique, it is not recommended to get the flu vaccine. Because the influenza virus mutates quickly, the influenza vaccine may not be 100% effective in preventing influenza. The unnecessary injection of influenza vaccine may cause fever and other symptoms due to individual differences and other reasons, which will only increase unnecessary worries.
However, if your resistance is very weak and you are particularly susceptible to influenza infection, and if you are planning to become pregnant during an influenza pandemic, it is recommended that you get vaccinated under the guidance of a doctor.
The rabies and tetanus vaccine can also be given after pregnancy
There are also some preventive vaccines that do not need to be injected before pregnancy. But when there is an emergency during pregnancy, injections can also be given. For example, if a pregnant woman is bitten by a mad dog, she needs to be protected against rabies; if a pregnant woman cuts her finger on something rusty, she needs to be protected against tetanus. In these cases, the corresponding pathogen immunoglobulin must be injected. Immunoglobulin is a dead vaccine and cannot grow and reproduce in the body. Once injected, the body\’s immunity is short-lived and will not affect fetal development.
To sum up, it is best to receive two vaccines based on the test results before pregnancy: one is rubella vaccine; the other is hepatitis B vaccine. Because once an expectant mother is infected with these two diseases, the virus will be transmitted vertically to the fetus, causing adverse or even serious consequences.
In short, whether to inject the vaccine, what kind of vaccine to inject, and when to inject it should be done no matter before or after pregnancy.Consult a professional physician to have a worry-free and safe pregnancy. In addition, vaccines are pathogens or viruses with reduced activity after all. The more vaccinations, the better. Continuing to exercise to enhance physical fitness and resistance is the key to disease prevention and resistance.
