Hello fellow veterans, I believe many people do not know much about ovulation monitoring. Therefore, today I will share with you about ovulation monitoring and what it means. I hope this knowledge can help you solve some of your confusions. Let’s take a look below!
Contents of this article
1. What does ovulation monitoring mean
Follicle monitoring means, in B-ultrasound is used to see whether the growth and development of follicles are normal, and B-ultrasound is used to see whether the follicles rupture and ovulate after reaching the advantage. This is the meaning of follicle monitoring. Usually, the monitoring of follicles starts from the 12th day of menstruation, mainly through B-ultrasound examination to understand whether there are follicles growing in the ovary. Then on the 14th day of menstruation, the main purpose of doing B-ultrasound is to see whether the original follicles have grown.
2. How to detect follicles
Follicles continuously detect follicle development process and whether there is ovulation. The testing method is to test every two days starting from the eighth day of the menstrual cycle. When the follicle diameter is found to reach 17 mm, it should be tested once a day. When the follicles develop to 20-23 mm, they must be measured twice a day until ovulation.
3. Follicle monitoring method
For mothers preparing for pregnancy, Follicle monitoring is very important. By observing the growth of follicles, you can not only understand the health of your ovaries, but also accurately find the ovulation day, guide intercourse, and successfully conceive a baby. Today we will take a look at how to scientifically monitor follicles!
2. Three criteria for dominant follicles: large, round, and unique
3. Polycystic 4. People who need follicle monitoring
Follicles are the basic unit for maintaining female physiological functions. Follicles secrete sex hormones to maintain the female bodyposture, sexual function, and cardiovascular and skeletal system health. The normal growth of follicles is complexly affected by the function of the ovary itself, the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, the central nervous system, and the endocrine system. Under normal circumstances, the life span of sperm is 2-3 days, while the life span of eggs is shorter after ovulation and will gradually age in 15 hours; therefore, the critical time for conception is from two days before ovulation to 10 hours after ovulation. When the follicle diameter is >10mm, it is called dominant follicle; when the follicle diameter is >18mm, it is called mature follicle.
2. Three criteria for dominant follicles: large, round, and unique!
Large follicles are well developed and have good egg quality; while small follicles have low development, which can lead to poor egg quality. There is more follicular fluid in the large follicle, which will be discharged together with the egg, releasing more estrogen and progesterone, making the soil of the endometrium more fertile, and providing more \”nutrients\” for the implantation of the fertilized egg. After ovulation, a large follicle will form a larger corpus luteum and produce more estrogen and progesterone, which means that the corpus luteum function is better. Of course, bigger follicles are not always better. Some follicles mature but do not rupture. The follicles will continue to grow to 30~40mm, age in the ovary, lose the ability to ovulate, and undergo luteinization.
The dominant follicle is generally round and full, with a thin and clear inner wall. If the difference between the two diameters of the follicle is ≥3mm, it is called a flat follicle. The follicle is flat. , there is no sense of expansion, indicating that the follicle development is not good.
Usually there is only one dominant follicle. When multiple follicles develop, there is no dominant follicle. This is caused by endocrine disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome. In patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, it is difficult to ovulate normally and conceive.
①The maximum diameter of follicles reaches 20mm, and the maximum diameter of dominant follicles ranges from 17 to 24mm, with a volume of 2.5 to 8.5mm3. Those with a diameter less than 17mm are immature follicles. ② The follicle is plump and round or oval in shape, with a thin and clear inner wall, or a pyramid-shaped high echo formed by the egg cumulus on the inner wall can be seen, which is usually easy to display 24 to 30 hours before ovulation. It can also be seen that there is a hypoechoic halo around the dominant follicle (mostly caused by edema of theca tissue before ovulation). ③The position of the follicle moves toward the surface of the ovary, and one side is not covered by ovarian tissue and protrudes outward.
Ultrasound, body temperature measurement, ovulation test strips and observation of secretions are the four most commonly used methods to monitor egg quality.
The most direct and intuitive diagnosis is B-ultrasound monitoring. The size and development of follicles can be seen.
Follicle monitoring generally starts on the 3rd to 5th day of the menstrual cycle. On the 3rd to 5th day of menstruation: observe the number of antral follicles (commonly used in women with menstrual disorders). On the 8th to 12th day of menstruation: start monitoring follicles routinely. Monitor once every 2 to 3 days when the follicle diameter reaches 14mm: Monitor once every 1 to 2 days when the follicle diameter is >18mm: Considering follicle maturation, ovulation can be induced throughout the menstrual cycle, and the growth rate of the follicle is inconsistent (early period 1). ~10 days) is 1.2mm/d in the late period (5th day of menstruation to before ovulation), the average is 1.5mm/d. The fastest growth rate is 2mm/dB in the 4 days before ovulation. It is best to find a regular doctor for monitoring. When a doctor observes a dominant follicle from a certain angle, it would be better to monitor its development from the same angle next time. After all, different medical institutions, different instruments, and different doctors may have different B-ultrasound judgments. Monitor that the largest follicle appears on the 10th to 16th day of menstruation. The diameter of the follicle is 20mm, round, with thin walls, protruding to one side of the ovary, and good internal sound transmission. Generally, ovulation occurs within 10 hours, and the ovulation time is on the 12th to 18th day of menstruation. It is more common within 20-30 days, and a few can occur within 20-30 days. The follicle wall partially collapses, the edges are wrinkled and appear jagged, and there are many tiny light spots in the uterus. A liquid dark area of 5-15mm can be seen in the rectal crypt, which usually disappears one day after ovulation. The success rate of pregnancy during intercourse is as high as 90%. The luteinized follicles that do not break are more common and can be seen on B-ultrasound monitoring. After the dominant follicle is formed, the follicle continues to grow, and the largest follicle can reach 50-60 mm. The capsule gradually becomes thicker and thicker, and the boundaries gradually blur. The tension of the vesicle decreases, and the echo inside the cyst gradually changes to uneven light spots. Under normal circumstances, It will disappear until the next menstrual cycle, but there are also a few patients who continue to disappear after 3 months. At the same time, when monitoring follicles, you should not stop monitoring as soon as you see dominant follicles or mature follicles. You should continue to monitor until ovulation or follicular dysplasia is confirmed. , until the follicles become luteinized. Because the underdeveloped dominant follicles may gradually shrink and become smaller; while some follicles will grow to more than 30–40mm, cannot be discharged, and ovulation disorders will occur. The follicles will age in the ovary and undergo luteinization; this B-ultrasound can indicate the presence of reticular flocculent echoes and strong light spots in the follicles.
The ovulation test paper has never detected a strong positive, which may mean that the egg quality is not high. However, this is only a possibility, because individual hormone levels are different. Even if some people ovulate, the ovulation test may not detect a strong positive; even if there is a strong positive, the follicles may not be detected. It does not necessarily mean ovulation. Whether ovulation is successful or not should be determined by ultrasound monitoring. Generally, if the strong positive time lasts for more than 15 hours, it means that the egg quality is good, and the color is deep and the hormone is high. As soon as the yang is strong, it immediately drops, and the egg quality is relatively weak, and the color is very light.Yes, the test paper looks like a watermark, which also indicates that the egg quality is weak.
If the quality of the follicles is better, the secretion will be more and last longer. The drawing is relatively long. The stickier it is, the better the egg quality is. If the secretion lasts for a short time, just one day or half a day, and dries up quickly, it means that the egg quality is relatively weak. Combined with the test paper, the strong positive time will be very short.
The basal body temperature of an average person is 36.5°C. Since the temperature regulation center is extremely sensitive to progesterone, an increase in progesterone will drive up the body temperature. After a woman ovulates, the corpus luteum (the corpus luteum is formed by the theca outside the follicle after ovulation) will secrete progesterone, causing the body temperature to rise by about 0.3-0.5°C. Under the action of progesterone, this usually lasts for 12 to 16 days. about.
If you are not pregnant, the corpus luteum will shrink, secrete less progesterone, and the body temperature will also drop, returning to the hypothermic phase. This cycle of low temperature and high temperature occurs with the female menstrual cycle, which is called biphasic body temperature. (Figure 1)
As you can see from Figure 1, there is a small drop in body temperature on the day of ovulation, but it is really difficult to grasp. Sisters with regular menstruation may be able to figure out whether this dip is the day of ovulation and plan intercourse. However, menstruation is not regular, so it is recommended to arrange intercourse when the body temperature fluctuates from low to high. For example, in the morning when you find that your body temperature is elevated, immediately pull your husband in for intimacy. Because the fertilization ability of the egg is strongest within 6 hours after it is released from the ovary, and the fertilization ability can be maintained for about 30 hours, so this opportunity is not to be missed. Of course, in order to increase the chance of conception, it is best to increase the frequency of sexual intercourse within a week after ovulation, once every other day, and have sex 2 to 3 times a week.
If there is no ovulation, no corpus luteum formation, and no menstruation, the body temperature will not rise, and the body temperature will be persistently low, which is called monophasic body temperature. (Figure 2) If this happens many times, you still need to seek medical treatment in time.
If the situation in the picture below appears, congratulations, you are pregnant! After pregnancy, the basal body temperature will not drop and will remain at a relatively high temperature until delivery.
For thermometers, the measurement accuracy must be ±0.05, so electronic thermometers are more recommended. The electronic thermometer can also automatically retain the data until the next test, and the reading value is clearer than the mercury thermometer; there are many basal body temperature sheets that can be recorded by many pregnancy preparation apps;
1. Start measuring from the first day of menstruation; 2. If it is a mercury thermometer, then the mercury column of the thermometer must be lowered below 36°C before going to bed every night. Electronic thermometers can avoid this step. Be sure to place the thermometer within easy reach; 3. After waking up the next morning, do not talk or get up. Slowly reach out and place the thermometer under the tongue to measure the oral temperature for 5 minutes. The best time to measure is daily. fixed. The electronic thermometer will automatically sound a beep after 5 minutes of measurement;
4. Night shift workers should measure according to the above method after 6 to 8 hours of sleep rest Body temperature; 5. Relevant situations in life such as sexual life, menstrual periods, insomnia, colds and other factors that may affect body temperature and the treatment methods used should be recorded on the basal body temperature sheet at any time for reference. 6. Record the daily measured body temperature on the basal body temperature sheet, and finally draw a curve. If paper forms are too troublesome to record, you can also choose to download an app that records basal body temperature to help patients record basal body temperature, menstrual flow, sexual life, etc. You can also choose to output images, output forms, etc., and give the form directly to the doctor when seeing a doctor; 7. Generally, it is necessary to measure at least 3 menstrual cycles continuously.
1. Pituitary gland problems: Common ones such as pituitary prolactinoma, hyperprolactinemia, etc. can lead to abnormal ovulation. It is necessary to identify the cause in time and treat the symptoms. treat. 2. Decreased ovarian function/premature failure: Women with poor ovarian function will experience sparse menstrual flow or even amenorrhea during menstruation, with no eggs to ovulate. As for the treatment of premature ovarian failure, it not only requires an interlocking and comprehensive treatment, but also requires a refined individual plan; while inducing follicle development, closely monitor its development status, and ultimately help some women regain their chances of having children. 3. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Polycystic ovary syndrome will recruit multiple small follicles every month, but none of them will mature, and there will be no eggs to ovulate. Generally, it is necessary to regulate menstruation, improve body composition, and induce ovulation under the guidance of a doctor. Note: When there are ≥12 follicles with a diameter of 2~9mm on one or both sides of the ovary during ultrasound, further examination is required to rule out polycystic ovary syndrome; when the ovaries of women of childbearing age are small and there are no obvious follicles or extremely small follicles inside, Further examination of gynecological endocrinology is required to rule out premature ovarian failure.
Monitoring follicles via ultrasound is very important. Whether it is monitoring dominant follicles or discovering ovulation disorders, in the diagnosis and treatment of many infertile patients with abnormal ovulation in outpatient clinics, or in finding the cause of abnormal menstruation, follicle monitoring is an important method of diagnosis and treatment. For example, when drug treatment is required for ovulation disorders, follicular development needs to be monitored to guide clinical medication, sexual life, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization and other assisted reproductive technologies. So, who needs follicle monitoring? Infertility caused by endocrine factors: such as menstrual disorders, anovulatory menstruation and amenorrhea, etc. It is necessary to understand the development of follicles. Polycystic ovary syndrome: PCOS is a common ovulation disorderThe cause of this disorder is complex. In addition to amenorrhea or irregular menstruation due to a lack of ovulation, signs such as hirsutism and obesity may also occur. Through follicle monitoring, it can be found that the ovaries are characterized by multiple small follicles that cannot mature. Infertility caused by premature ovarian failure: A common disease caused by ovarian dysfunction leading to non-ovulation is premature ovarian failure. Premature ovarian failure means that the follicles in the ovaries have been exhausted. Follicle monitoring is required to understand the ovulation situation and then choose a suitable method of conception. Habitual miscarriage: Follicle monitoring is needed to understand the growth and development of follicles and the formation of the corpus luteum, which plays an important role in determining the specific causes of miscarriage and clinical treatment plans.
Stick yourself to serve pregnant mothers. Hello everyone, I am Lao Han. Dr. Han, a flirtatious doctor from Peking University who takes the popularization of medical science as his mission and his ideal as a friend of pregnant mothers. For more reproductive issues, please like, leave comments and forward, and Lao Han will reply to you as soon as possible.
This ends the content about ovulation monitoring. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.
