1. Causes of Cough in Children Cough in children is a common disease, and its causes may be multiple. The most common ones are coughs caused by respiratory infections such as colds and flu. In addition, allergic rhinitis, asthma, etc. may also cause children to have long-term and recurring coughs. In addition, environmental pollution and inhalation of foreign bodies may also be causes of cough in children. 2. How to relieve dry cough. Dry cough refers to a condition where there is no sputum or only a small amount of mucus.