With the development of society, national policies have shifted from strict family planning to encouraging childbirth to cope with the problem of population aging. Young people\’s concept of fertility has changed, and they pay more attention to the quality of life and personal growth. The aging of society has caused young people to face the pressure of supporting the elderly. Although the three-child policy has been heavily publicized, its actual effect still needs to be strengthened. The emergence of DINK reflects society’s pursuit of quality of life. Social pressure and concerns about future uncertainty influence young people\’s reproductive choices. The pension issue of farmers is also an important factor in fertility decision-making. Therefore, we need to alleviate these pressures through policy adjustments and improvement of the social security system to increase the fertility rate.