How is in vitro fertilization achieved? In vitro fertilization (IVF), also known as in vitro fertilization (IVF), is an assisted reproductive technology that uses cell culture technology to artificially combine male sperm and female eggs in the laboratory. After fertilization, the eggs are transplanted back into the female uterus to achieve pregnancy. process. IVF technology has been around for more than 40 years and has helped millions of couples in need of reproductive assistance to successfully have children. However, IVF also requires women to be careful in many aspects before and after treatment.