Core tip: Some recent medical events have once again reminded us that although modern medicine has been very developed, medicine still has limitations in many cases. In addition to very difficult complications such as \”amniotic fluid embolism\”, there are also some diseases during pregnancy and childbirth that we can prevent and intervene early. Down syndrome is one of them. The author of this article is the deputy chief physician of the Obstetrics Department of Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital and an authoritative expert in pre-pregnancy consultation, combined internal medicine treatment during pregnancy, and the treatment of critically ill obstetric patients. 1. Primary care for children with Down syndrome