What is eczema? Eczema is a common skin disease that usually presents with symptoms such as redness, itching, blistering, and peeling of the skin. The incidence and quality of life of eczema are increasing, affecting the daily lives and work productivity of millions of people around the world. Eczema is caused by a variety of different factors, including genetic, immune, environmental and lifestyle factors. Causes of eczema 1. Genetic factors: