Level 1: Causes of Cough in Children Cough in children is a common symptom that can be caused by a variety of reasons. The most common cause is a cold or flu, which causes a respiratory infection that causes inflammation of the throat, trachea, and bronchi, leading to a cough. Other possible causes include allergies, asthma, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, etc. Level 2: How to Relieve Dry Cough Dry cough is a very uncomfortable symptom that may affect your child\’s sleep and appetite. Ways to relieve dry cough include: 1. Drinking water: Letting children drink more water can help keep the body hydrated