Level 1: What is Eczema Eczema is a common skin disease that usually presents with symptoms such as redness, swelling, itching, dandruff or blisters on the skin. The occurrence of eczema is related to many factors, such as genetics, environment, diet, etc. Eczema in babies usually appears within weeks or months of birth and is characterized by red patches, flaky skin, and dampness. Treatments for eczema include keeping skin clean and dry, using mild detergents and moisturizers, and using medications prescribed by your doctor