Where does a paternity test have legal effect? Paternity testing refers to a method of determining the parent-child relationship by detecting the genetic sequence between the father and the child. However, since the results of the paternity test may have an impact on the family, it needs to be conducted legally, fairly, and safely. So, where does a paternity test have legal effect? The Forensic Identification Center of the Public Security Bureau is a paternity testing institution with legal effect managed by the Ministry of Public Security. Before the identification can be carried out, the father needs to have the mother and children of the child.