Childbirth is undoubtedly a very important time for mothers. There can be no mistakes at this moment, otherwise it will affect the life safety of mother and baby. Here we briefly introduce 6 unexpected situations that may occur during childbirth so that you can be prepared.
If you are pregnant in October, I not only wish the baby a healthy birth, but also wish the mother a smooth delivery and safety for both mother and child. However, there are often some unexpected episodes and even accidents in the unknown childbirth process. Today we will describe these abnormalities in turn, which involve some difficult to understand professional terms. Our experts will explain them clearly to expectant mothers in the most concise language.
1. Premature rupture of fetal membranes
Premature rupture of membranes, called premature rupture of membranes, is a common complication of childbirth. Since the inside of the uterus is directly connected to the outside world after the fetal membranes rupture, external bacteria can be infected through the vagina and may lead to uterine inflammation.
Generally speaking, we divide premature rupture of membranes into two situations. One is the sudden rupture of fetal membranes before 37 weeks. This is usually because the infection increases the fragility of the fetal membranes, causing the amniotic fluid to rupture prematurely. One month, you need to protect your baby. There are also cases of premature rupture of membranes after 37 weeks. This is often due to abnormal fetal position and uneven stress on the anterior amniotic sac, causing water rupture. All of these require timely induction of labor to end the pregnancy as soon as possible.
Some expectant mothers may worry about premature rupture of membranes leading to outflow of amniotic fluid. If there is no buffering effect of amniotic fluid under external pressure, will the fetus be in danger? In fact, amniotic fluid is continuously produced by the fetus urinating, swallowing amniotic fluid, and amniotic membrane secretion. So expectant mothers don’t have to worry too much.
Solution: People with premature rupture of membranes must be hospitalized immediately and stay in bed. If the fetal head is high or in breech or transverse position, the end of the bed should be raised to prevent umbilical cord prolapse; the nature of amniotic fluid and fetal heart rate should be closely observed to prevent fetal polyuria. Occurrence of distress; rupture of amniotic membranes is important to prevent infection. After the membrane has ruptured for more than 12 hours, antibiotics should be given as appropriate to prevent infection. You should also pay attention to vulva cleanliness.
(1) Premature rupture of membranes is approaching the expected date of delivery and the fetus is mature. If there is no abnormal fetal position, pelvic stenosis, umbilical cord prolapse, low fetal presentation, etc., it will not affect the labor process and you can have a normal delivery.
(2) For those who have not yet gone into labor within 12 hours of ruptured membranes, if there is no fetal malposition or cephalopelvic disproportion, labor can be induced under anti-infection conditions. If infection cannot be completely ruled out, and there are abnormal fetal positions, intrauterine distress, etc., a cesarean section should be performed immediately, and broad-spectrum effective antibiotics should be given to prevent infection after surgery.
(3) If premature rupture of membranes is far from the expected date of delivery and the fetus is not yet mature, the pregnant woman is in urgent need of miscarriage. Doctors should perform miscarriage treatment after ruling out infection and actively promote fetal lung maturity. Pregnant women should be closely observed for their body temperature and pulse, whether there is tenderness in the uterus, whether there is any peculiar smell in the amniotic fluid flowing out, changes in fetal heart rate and fetal movements, and treatment with penicillin and other antibiotics that are harmless to the fetus. Keep the vulva clean and avoid unnecessary anal or vaginal contactRoad inspection. Once an irregular fetal heart rate is found, or there is a possibility of infection, the pregnancy should be terminated immediately regardless of gestational age.
2. Abnormal amniotic fluid
intrauterine infection
The fetal membranes are like a protective membrane that protects the fetus and isolates it from the outside world, keeping the inside of the uterus sterile. If the fetal membranes rupture or you suffer from vaginitis, the broken water will connect the inside of the uterus with the outside world, and bacteria from the outside will enter the uterus from the vagina, and vaginitis can also cause ascending infection. Intrauterine infection can not only cause maternal amnionitis, endometritis, sepsis, etc., but also cause intrauterine infection of fetuses, and newborns are also susceptible to other diseases such as pneumonia. Moms, don’t take it lightly!
Solution After the membranes rupture, doctors usually give expectant mothers antibiotics or intravenous antibiotics to prevent infection. If the prevention is not good enough and the uterus is really infected, the mother\’s body temperature will rise, the blood count will rise, and the amniotic fluid will become turbid. The most important thing at this time is to promote uterine contraction and allow the fetus to be delivered as soon as possible. In emergency situations, cesarean section may be chosen, so preventing ruptured membranes infection is a top priority. At the same time, vaginitis should also be actively treated. If expectant mothers find increased leucorrhea, or itching or burning pain in the vulva, they should seek medical advice as soon as possible to avoid ascending intrauterine infection.
cloudy amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid is the life water of the fetus. It is transparent and colorless in early pregnancy and turns milky white in late pregnancy. When the fetus is hypoxic in utero, it can cause intestinal hypermotility, excrete meconium, enter the amniotic fluid, and contaminate the amniotic fluid. Therefore, the properties of amniotic fluid directly reflect whether the fetus is hypoxic and whether it is safe in the uterine cavity. The more severe the fetal hypoxia, the darker the color of the amniotic fluid. When the hypoxia is mild, the amniotic fluid is light yellow; when the hypoxia is severe, the amniotic fluid is viscous and dark green. The above are collectively referred to as turbid amniotic fluid.
Hypoxia of the solution can lead to fetal distress. During delivery, doctors will learn about the safety of the fetus in the womb based on the characteristics of the amniotic fluid. Therefore, the fetal heart rate can be monitored by a fetal heart rate monitor, and the timing of delivery can be determined based on the characteristics of the fetal amniotic fluid and the degree of contamination. If the cervix is dilated and labor can occur within a short period of time, the doctor will promote uterine contraction and, if necessary, use a fetal head suction device or forceps to assist in delivery. If the amniotic fluid is seriously contaminated and the fetus is severely hypoxic, the doctor will decisively decide to perform a cesarean section to allow the fetus to escape the harsh environment in the shortest possible time.
3. Uterine fatigue
As labor progresses, uterine contractions gradually intensify, the contraction time becomes longer, and the interval time becomes shorter. Strong uterine contractions promote the continuation of labor. However, some expectant mothers\’ uterine contractions do not increase as the labor progresses, which will inevitably prolong the labor process. This condition is called uterine atony and is divided into two types: primary and secondary.
Causes of primary uterine atony: The contractility of the uterine muscles is very weak at the beginning, or uterine muscle edema hinders contraction. Reasons such as multiple births and polyhydramnios can also cause uterine atony.
secondary uterine contractionsCauses of fatigue: If the pelvis is narrow and the fetal head is not in the correct position, labor cannot proceed normally, and the mother will feel tired and have uncoordinated uterine contractions. In addition, maternal nervousness and painful vomiting will also prolong the labor process and cause uterine fatigue.
Solution: All mothers who are preparing to give birth naturally must build up the confidence to overcome difficulties, make up their minds to give birth on their own, follow the guidance of doctors and midwives, relieve psychological pressure, coordinate uterine contractions, and prevent premature birth. Therefore, psychological factors determine the success or failure of vaginal delivery. important. Regardless of the reason, if your contractions are weak, uterotonics can be used to strengthen them. If the expectant mother is too tired and has weak uterine contractions, she can take medicine to rest, or take a walk to adjust her mood, or eat something to restore her strength, so that strong uterine contractions come again.
If the cervix is fully expanded and the uterine contractions gradually weaken, some oxytocin can be appropriately dripped at this time to strengthen the uterine contractions. While encouraging production
Women should try to eat drinks or chocolate that are easy to absorb, and be energetic to give birth as soon as possible.
4. Prolonged labor
The average delivery time for first-time mothers is 12 to 16 hours. However, everyone\’s labor progress is different, and a slight delay is not necessarily abnormal. However, if the fetus is not delivered for too long than the average time, it is a prolonged labor.
The most common reason is uterine atony; secondly, the fetal head and pelvis are not commensurate, and the abnormal direction of the fetal head entering the pelvic cavity causes abnormal fetal position, preventing the fetal head from descending; thirdly, the soft birth canal problem, the cervix Edema or toughness prevents the cervix from dilating, or the umbilical cord becomes entangled, preventing delivery.
Solution The most common reason for prolonged labor is the mismatch between the baby\’s head and pelvis, which can cause uterine atony, cervical edema, etc. Measures can be taken to strengthen uterine contractions, or to allow the mother to rest, and at the same time, artificial membrane rupture can be performed in time. If labor still cannot progress despite taking appropriate measures, it may be that the fetal head is not commensurate with the pelvis, and the only option is cesarean section.
5. Early placental separation
The placenta is the organ for the conversion of nutrients, oxygen and waste between the fetus and the mother, which requires that the placental function must remain normal before the fetus is born. But the placenta sometimes goes AWOL and detaches from the uterine wall prematurely, which is very dangerous. Although the expectant mother cannot know that the placenta has detached, she will experience severe abdominal pain because the blood vessels in the uterine wall rupture and bleed. At this time, if the blood flows out of the body, it can be detected in time. However, if the uterine orifice is blocked, the blood will accumulate between the uterus and the placenta, resulting in massive bleeding and detachment of the placenta, which directly threatens the lives of the fetus and mother. Most of the mothers who experience early placental dissection suffer from pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, which causes placental blood vessels to spasm and contract, leading to hypoxia and blood vessel rupture. Therefore, expectant mothers suffering from this disease should pay attention to timely treatment and control the development of the disease. At the same time, pregnant women should walk slowly and avoid bumping their abdomen to prevent early placenta detachment caused by external force collision. If you have painless bleeding or unrelieved abdominal pain, you should go to the hospital in time.
The solution is to save the life of the fetus,Doctors will perform emergency surgery. If onset occurs before labor, a cesarean section is usually performed immediately. It is necessary to strengthen prenatal examination during pregnancy, actively prevent and treat pregnancy-induced hypertension, strengthen management of high-risk pregnancies such as hypertension and chronic nephritis, and avoid supine positioning and abdominal trauma in late pregnancy.
6. Abnormal umbilical cord
Invisible prolapse of the umbilical cord. The umbilical cord reaches the front of the presenting part of the fetus and is compressed.
Umbilical cord prolapse: The fetal membranes have ruptured, and the umbilical cord prolapses further below the fetal presentation, enters the vagina through the cervix, and even appears in the vulva through the vagina, which is called umbilical cord prolapse.
The umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck and body of the fetus. The umbilical cord may be pulled or compressed when the fetus is delivered.
Umbilical cord nodule is the condition in which the umbilical cord is knotted. Umbilical cord nodules are divided into true nodules and false nodules. If the true nodule is too tight, it will hinder blood circulation and easily cause intrauterine fetal death. Pseudonodules are coiled umbilical cord blood vessels that do not affect blood circulation and pose no risk to the fetus.
Solutions In the two cases of invisible umbilical cord prolapse and umbilical cord prolapse, because the umbilical cord is compressed and hinders blood circulation, the fetus is in a state of hypoxia. In most cases, doctors will immediately perform a cesarean section. Generally, spontaneous delivery can be achieved if the umbilical cord is entangled, but the baby must be delivered slowly while observing the fetal heart rate.