[Abstract] With the advancement of science, pregnancy knowledge has gradually developed more and more comprehensive and detailed. There is a lot of knowledge that we may not know from previous experience, and we need to continue to learn and update existing concepts. Let’s learn about pregnancy together.
Folic acid is an important nutrient for ensuring the development of the fetal nervous system and helps reduce the occurrence of neural tube defects in children. But for obese pregnant women, it is difficult for folic acid to have such a protective effect. Data from the United States shows that women who are overweight before pregnancy are twice as likely to give birth to children with neural tube defects as women of normal weight; women who are overweight after pregnancy are more likely to give birth to children with neural tube defects than women of normal weight. four times.
Countermeasures: Start taking adequate folic acid before pregnancy, including arranging foods rich in folic acid, such as animal liver or kidneys, green vegetables, fish, eggs, grains and soy products; at the same time, start taking it 1-3 months before pregnancy Folic acid supplements until 3 months after conception.
2. Pregnant women with dental caries or periodontitis
New idea: Susceptible fetuses can lead to congenital heart disease, low birth weight or premature birth
For pregnant women with moderate or severe dental caries and periodontitis, bacterial antibodies produced in the oral cavity can easily enter the placenta through the blood circulation, causing the fetus to be infected, leading to congenital heart disease after birth. Additionally, pregnant women with mild dental disease are 6-8 times more likely to have a low birth weight baby. A survey of premature babies in the United States showed that most mothers of premature babies had bacterial antibodies in their mouths, while mothers of full-term babies did not. Coping method: Pregnant women with periodontal disease should be actively treated, and women planning to become pregnant should have an oral examination before pregnancy.
3. Iodine deficiency during pregnancy
New perspective: easily affects the synthesis of thyroid hormones, causing fetal cretinism after birth
Iodine deficiency in pregnant women will affect the synthesis of thyroid hormones in the body, leading to incomplete differentiation of the cortex responsible for language, hearing and intelligence during the development of the fetal brain, leading to \”creepy-footed disease\” after birth, manifested by slow growth and unresponsiveness. And he has a special face, with a big head, a sunken nose, a protruding tongue, drooling, short stature as an adult, and even deafness, muteness, mental disorder, etc. Currently, there is no effective treatment for cretinism.
Countermeasures: Pay attention to a balanced nutritional intake during pregnancy. Especially pregnant women living in iodine-deficient areas should pay more attention to the intake of iodine-rich foods and insist on eating iodized salt, so that the iodine in the body can meet the needs of fetal growth and development.
4. Copper deficiency during pregnancy
New perspective: It can easily affect the absorption and operation of iron in the fetus, causing fetal anemia.
When the copper content in the blood of pregnant women is too low, it will cause copper deficiency in the fetus, affecting the activity of certain enzymes in fetal metabolism and the absorption and operation of iron, leading to fetal copper deficiency anemia. therefore,Copper intake cannot be ignored during pregnancy, and copper supplementation must be paid attention to so as not to seriously affect the health of the fetus.
Coping method: The main method of copper supplementation is dietary supplements. Foods rich in copper include animal liver, meat (especially poultry), fruits, hard nuts, tomatoes, green beans, potatoes, shellfish, seaweed, cocoa and chocolate.