Endometriosis (EMT), referred to as endometriosis, refers to the growth of endometrial tissue (gland and stroma) outside the uterine cavity and myometrium. Ectopic endometrium can invade any part of the body, but most are located in the pelvic organs and parietal peritoneum, with the ovaries and uterosacral ligaments being the most common.
1. Main symptoms of endometriosis
Dysmenorrhea: Patients may begin to experience dysmenorrhea at a certain period, and the pain often worsens with the menstrual cycle.
Infertility: Because ovarian lesions and pelvic lesions will affect ovarian function, the pelvic environment or fallopian tubes, etc., thus affecting conception, it can cause infertility. 25-35% of infertility patients are related to endometriosis.
Menorrhagia: Intrinsic endometriosis may cause increased menstrual flow.
Painful mass at the surgical scar site: When endometriosis reaches the abdominal surgical incision site or the perineal wound during delivery, a mass at the scar site may be formed with periodic pain and gradually increase in size.
And other symptoms: dyspareunia, abnormal menstruation, acute abdominal pain, etc. 
2. The cause of endometriosis is still unclear, but may be related to the following factors
1. Currently, the main support for the cause of endometriosis is the implantation theory, that is, the theory of reflux of menstrual blood. During menstruation, a small amount of menstrual blood flows into the abdominal cavity through the fallopian tube in women of pregnant age. The menstrual blood contains active endometrial tissue and enters the abdominal cavity. Finally, Reach the pelvic cavity and plant the lesions causing endometriosis;
2. Endometriosis may be related to lymph node metastasis;
3. Related to genetic factors;
4. Related to inflammation, immune factors, etc. 
3. Treatment methods
The treatment of endometriosis mainly includes expectant treatment, drug treatment and surgical treatment. The treatment plan depends on the patient\’s age, disease, physical signs, scope of harm and fertility requirements.
Drug treatment: including estrogen drugs, prostaglandin synthesis retarder and androgens.
Surgical treatment: including conservative surgery, semi-preservation surgeryConservative surgery and radical surgery, etc.
4. Preventive measures
Preventing endometriosis is generally to reduce the occurrence of triggering factors, such as appropriate pregnancy period, prevention of menstruation, appropriate strengthening of physical fitness, reduction of iatrogenic trauma, timely treatment of pelvic inflammation, etc.
In general, endometriosis is a common gynecological disease that has a certain impact on women\’s health and fertility. Therefore, women should pay attention to their physical condition and seek medical examination and treatment in time.
