A summary of classical Chinese learning methods, collected for children

1. Pay attention to the accumulation of words. Learning classical Chinese is like learning a foreign language. Without enough vocabulary, everything is just castles in the air and just talk on paper. Therefore, the accumulation of words is the basis for learning classical Chinese well. When accumulating classical Chinese words, generally speaking, do not memorize them by rote. Instead, follow the principle of \”words should not be separated from words, words should not be separated from sentences, sentences should not be separated from paragraphs, and paragraphs should not be separated from the text\” and organically combined with \”context\” to figure out. Whether it is a content word or a function word, its meaning and usage are always displayed in a specific language environment. When accumulating words, you should know that content words are easier to remember on the surface, but this is the key point, while function words have more abstract meanings, high frequency of use, and flexible and diverse usage, which is the difficulty. We also need to know that when learning classical Chinese, content words are more important than function words. Only by mastering the content words can the function words be mastered well; only by learning the content words can the function words be easily solved. Therefore, when learning classical Chinese, you must first accumulate a large number of content words, and the \”polysemy of one word, flexible use of parts of speech, common Chinese characters, ancient and modern synonyms\” in each lesson book should be the focus of accumulation. 2. Translation reduction Translation reduction method. When learning classical Chinese, we usually first translate them into modern Chinese and implement the meaning of the words, so as to facilitate the analysis of the article. When reciting classical Chinese, you can \”turn it upside down\”, that is, look at the translation, recall it, and restore the original text. Once you have translated and understood the initial words and sentences, as well as familiar reading, it will be easier to restore the original text based on the translation. This method is not only conducive to recitation, but also conducive to in-depth mastery and consolidation of the translation of the words and sentences of the article. 3. Read and translate at the same time. Read and translate at the same time. Many students just read it over and over again when reciting, hoping to strengthen their memory through repeated recitation. Although this method is effective, it is not obvious. We advocate reading and translating at the same time, that is, reading one sentence and translating one sentence at a time. When translating, we should pay attention to the words. For example, the paragraphs in Li Mi\’s \”Chen Qing Biao\” can be divided into sections like this: Read the sentence \”The minister was provoked by danger, and Su suffered a misfortune from Min\”, and then translated: because; danger, provocation, ups and downs, sins, that is, hardship and disaster; Su, Early; suffer, encounter; Min, \”compassion\”; fierce, misfortune: \”I encountered misfortune very early because of hardships and disasters.\” In this way, reading and translating at the same time deepens the understanding of the text, and understanding helps memorize and recite. This method is slower in terms of recitation speed, but it \”kills two birds with one stone\”; and it is not easy to forget after memorizing it. 4. Practice sentence segmentation. The ancients wrote articles without punctuation marks. Therefore, how to segment sentences directly affects the understanding of the content of the article. The Strongest Brain Recommendation: Human Brain Development Secrets PDF To correctly segment sentences, you must pay attention to the following points: First, you must accurately grasp the basic knowledge of classical Chinese, understand key words, and clearly determine the relationship between words. Second, we must understand certain common sense of ancient culture. Such as the expression methods of names of people, places, official positions, etc., euphemistic and taboo behavioral habits, etc. Third, master some rules of dialogue, paraphrasing, and citation in the text. For example, words such as \”曰\”, \”云\”, and \”predicate\” are often used as signs before quoting or paraphrasing content. Fourth, judge based on the words commonly used at the beginning and end of sentences. For example, words commonly used at the beginning of sentences include Gai, Husband, Shi Shi, Hou, Ji Er, Ran and, Ran Ze, Gong, Pi, and I. Commonly usedAt the end of the sentence, there are modal particles such as You, Xie, Hu, and Zai, and polyphonic function words such as Naihe, Yefu, Yezai, Yun\’er, and Yunyun. There are also relatively independent interjections that are often used at the beginning of sentences, such as sighing, sighing, sighing, hee, etc. Fifth, you can also segment sentences based on common idiomatic words in the sentence. Such as words expressing ordinal numbers and order, words expressing questions. In addition, you can also segment sentences based on common sentence patterns, fixed sentence patterns or rhetorical techniques. 6. Grammar induction Grammar induction involves summarizing the special grammatical phenomena in ancient Chinese one by one. In addition to classifying and classifying grammatical phenomena such as \”polysemy, inflection of word categories, false Chinese characters, ancient and modern idioms\” in content words, we also need to summarize the usage of function words in ancient Chinese. It is also necessary to summarize and sort out the five main classical Chinese sentence patterns: judgmental sentences, interrogative sentences, passive sentences, inverted sentences and omitted sentences. Once you master these grammatical rules, you will be able to learn classical Chinese with ease. 7. Read more outside class Read more – the key to improving your sense of language. That is to say, we should read as much as possible outside of class. Not only should we recite the passages that must be memorized in class, but we should also read as much extracurricular classical Chinese as possible to develop a sense of language through multiple readings. Where do the materials come from? It can be a compilation of classical Chinese readings from previous college entrance examinations, or of course it can be some ancient cultural classics, such as The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, Guwen Guanzhi, Historical Records, etc. 8. Pay attention to summary – the key to solving problems. That is, carefully refine, organize, and summarize language materials to form an answer that is close to the reference answer. To write answers with high accuracy, you must also rely on careful induction. Some answers are hidden somewhere and can be extracted; some answers are scattered throughout the paragraph and need to be reassembled in a certain order. In summary, we must strive to achieve the \”three essentials\”: first, the language must be concise, concise, clear, and concise; second, the sentences must be smooth and consistent with logical reasoning; third, focus on the main points and highlight the key points.