Analysis of the personality, psychological characteristics and effective communication skills of children aged 6-18

The cognitive and psychological characteristics and communication key points of children from the first grade of elementary school to the third grade of high school (6-18 years old) are here! Strongly recommended for parents to collect. When children start primary school, they enter a new stage of growth. From elementary school to junior high school and high school, TA will complete multi-stage basic learning and spend the critical growth period from children to teenagers. During these 12 years, children will gradually transform from ignorant little kids into teenagers who can think independently and have the ability to think. As parents, if we want to help our children successfully spend these 12 crucial years, we must first understand the nature of our children. Due to the unique cognitive and psychological characteristics of this period, you must also learn how to communicate effectively with your children. Piaget\’s cognitive stage theory, a well-known modern child psychologist, and Erikson\’s psychosocial development theory, a famous developmental psychologist, can help us better and more clearly in terms of cognition and personality shaping respectively. Understanding children entering school age. Download the electronic version of the best-selling book Primary School Mathematics Helper with 36 volumes in full color and ultra-clear PDF. The cognitive and psychological characteristics and communication key points of children from the first grade of elementary school to the third grade of high school (6-18 years old) are organized below. Please read it slowly. Primary school stage 1. Cognitive characteristics in the first grade of primary school: Begin to gradually develop intuitive, concrete, and visual logical thinking abilities. Psychological characteristics: Children feel new to primary school life, but are not used to it, and may have difficulty adapting for a while. He is curious, active, and likes to imitate. He has difficulty listening attentively. He especially trusts and relies on teachers. Communication focus: At this stage, the focus is on helping children adapt to school life, cultivating study habits and interests, and guiding children on how to learn happily. Talk to your child about what he feels uncomfortable with in school, and guide him to make corresponding changes and develop the habit of active learning. 2. Cognitive characteristics of the second grade of primary school: intuitive, concrete, and visual logical thinking abilities are further improved. Psychological characteristics: This stage is a critical period for primary school students to develop self-confidence. They are emotionally unstable and prone to impulsivity. Communication focus: At this stage, children\’s learning habits and learning attitudes are an important transitional stage from being highly malleable to gradually becoming finalized. They have gradually adapted to primary school life and formed certain behavioral habits. Parents should correct their bad behaviors in a timely manner and cultivate their interest in learning. . 3. Cognitive characteristics of the third grade of primary school: Children generally have bad habits such as carelessness and procrastination in doing homework, which need to be paid great attention to and corrected patiently. Psychological characteristics: This stage is a turning point in children\’s emotional changes, from emotional exposure, superficiality, and unconsciousness to internal control, profoundness, and conscious development. But in learning and interpersonal communication, emotional control ability is limited. Communication focus: As the scope of interpersonal communication expands and cognitive abilities improve, the various troubles children encounter also increase. They may have an increasingly strong sense of incompetence and become uneasy. 4. Cognitive characteristics of the fourth grade of primary school: 9-11 years old is a critical period for children\’s growth. Brain development is at the critical period when the internal structure and function are perfect. It is in the transition period from the lower grades to the upper grades of elementary school. It is an important period for cultivating learning. The best period of ability. Psychological characteristics: Children are beginning to have their own ideas and are changing from passive learning to active learning, but their ability to distinguish right from wrong is still limited.Limited and lack of social interaction experience, they often encounter many problems. If parents do not pay attention to guidance, these small difficulties are likely to cause the child\’s uneasiness and interfere with his learning. Communication focus: At this stage, children’s learning knowledge points have increased and deepened, and children have begun to show the first differentiation in primary school. It is necessary to help children discover problems and build confidence in time. Pay attention to children\’s attention problems and writing habits in class, and cultivate children\’s calculation and checking habits. 5. Cognitive characteristics of fifth grade primary school students: Children are more frequently exposed to nature and society and have the ability to discover problems, but they still lack the ability to solve problems in practice. Psychological characteristics: Increased awareness of competition and unwillingness to lag behind. He pays more attention to academic performance and begins to admire students who excel in their studies. Increased independence and likes to form small groups spontaneously. Do not believe in flattery, and your self-control ability gradually increases. Communication focus: Encourage persistence in doing things, help children establish a positive attitude towards life, and promote the development of self-awareness. This stage can provide children with some opportunities to contact nature and society. Taking on more complex challenges has positive effects. 6. Children in the sixth grade of primary school begin to enter early adolescence. Adolescence is the transition stage from teenagers to adulthood. Cognitive characteristics: Children\’s memory is enhanced and their attention is easy to concentrate, especially because abstract thinking and logical thinking abilities are strengthened, and self-awareness, evaluation and education abilities are also fully developed. Psychological characteristics: Children initially form their personal personality and outlook on life. However, the willpower is still not strong enough, and the ability to analyze problems is still developing, so it is easy to become discouraged and emotionally unstable when encountering difficulties and setbacks. Communication focus: At this stage, children need to pay close attention to their psychological changes. While focusing on learning, they also need to have healthy psychological development. Gradually prepare for entering junior high school and learn more about the exam scope and characteristics of your favorite school. Junior high school stage 1. When the first grade of junior high school enters adolescence, the body shape changes significantly, the body function gradually improves, and the psychology changes accordingly. However, there is a gradual transition between childhood and adolescence. Cognitive characteristics: Children have just entered the first grade of junior high school, and their rational thinking development is still limited. Physical development, knowledge experience, and psychological quality still retain the characteristics of primary school students. Psychological characteristics: Freshness and tension coexist, and the new environment, new teachers, new classmates, and new subjects feel fresh. But soon, due to the increase in subjects, increased complexity, extended class hours, more exams, and different teaching and learning methods from those in primary schools, they felt nervous. Upwardness and blindness coexist, self-awareness begins to develop, and I have a certain ability to evaluate. I also begin to pay attention to shaping my own image. I hope to be praised by teachers and classmates. I will work hard in study and discipline and strive to leave a lasting impression on teachers and classmates. Make a good impression. However, the independence and criticality of thinking are still in their infancy, and they are easily affected by the outside world. They are blindly complacent when things go well, feel inferior and discouraged when they encounter setbacks, and have a herd mentality. Independence and dependence coexist, and they do not want to be controlled by adults, but if they encounter specific difficulties in study and life, they hope to get help from teachers and parents. The most complete method for Chinese people to learn English by themselves. Original English and Black Cat series pdf+mp3 Communication focus: Pay attentionAdaptability – the transition from primary school students to middle school students. The speed of adaptation determines to a large extent a child\’s performance in the first year of junior high school and even in the entire junior high school stage. Therefore, one of the most important things in the first year of junior high school is to adapt to the new life as soon as possible. Formation of new habits – The first year of junior high school is a foundational grade. It is necessary not only to lay a good foundation of knowledge, but also to further lay a solid foundation of study habits. Pay attention to \”cultivation education\” and develop correct learning methods, which is what students need in their studies. An important guarantee for excellent academic performance in junior high school! Pay attention to basic knowledge – the difficulty of the course is gradual, so students usually find it relatively easy at the beginning. Don\’t pursue \”difficulty\” and \”progress\” in the first year of junior high school, so that they can learn easily and effectively throughout the middle school period. . 2. Psychological characteristics of the second grade of junior high school: At this stage, most children have entered puberty. The bodies of boys and girls have undergone many eye-catching changes, which can easily cause children to have puberty troubles. Children at this age have greater development of independence and enhanced self-esteem. On the surface, they seem not to care about anything, but in fact they have a strong herd mentality. They want to be unique but are worried about breaking away from the group. As a result, some children develop unhealthy psychological states such as tension, anxiety, and low self-esteem, and then develop varying degrees of antagonism and rebellious adolescent behaviors such as escaping, lying, destruction, and violence. Communication focus: The curiosity brought about by sexual maturity in adolescence promotes the development of adolescent sexual consciousness. How to understand love and deal with the favorable impression of the opposite sex requires correct guidance. However, after children enter adolescence, their rebelliousness becomes stronger and their communication with their parents gradually decreases. During this period, parents must lower their \”posture\” and communicate more equally with their children, understand their children\’s psychological changes at any time, detect signs of problems in a timely manner, and provide timely psychological counseling to ensure that their children develop on a healthy psychological track. Not only the second year of junior high school, but also the second year of high school are all in a critical period of learning to connect the past and the next. As the subject content increases and deepens, there will be an obvious stratification in children\’s learning at this stage, which requires great attention and preparation in advance. 3. Cognitive characteristics of the third grade of junior high school: observation ability is close to adult level, meaning recognition is dominant, and thinking activities have reached the level of abstraction and generalization. My interest in learning is basically stable, and my academic performance has also begun to be relatively stable. Psychological characteristics: Independence has been further developed, learning ability has been greatly improved, and people like to organize and carry out some activities freely and independently. They are more eager for the respect and understanding of teachers and parents than students in the first and second grades of junior high school. Communication focus: It is necessary to make full use of the characteristics of this stage to cultivate and develop their ability to learn and live independently. At the same time, prepare for the high school entrance examination, understand the current learning situation and status with the children, set goals, and negotiate methods. High school stage 1. Cognitive characteristics of the first grade of high school: rapid physical development, significant enhancement of self-awareness, and significant development of independent thinking and processing abilities. Psychological characteristics: High school students are in the psychological weaning period from their parents. They show strong autonomy in psychology and behavior, and are eager to be liberated from the constraints of their parents. And their feelings become implicit, that is, their inner world is active, but the external expression of their emotions is not obvious. These characteristics often hinder parents fromMutual understanding with children. Communication focus: The depth and difficulty of learning in high school has risen to a new level compared to junior high school. The span is very large. Many students can understand in class and complete their homework after class carefully, but the results are not satisfactory. In fact, the crux of the problem lies in students\’ poor ability to draw knowledge, and their comprehensive learning ability urgently needs to be improved. Parents cannot blindly believe that their children can solve problems on their own, because the study of various subjects in high school is an extension of knowledge. When problems are discovered, they should work with their children to sort out and effectively solve the problems as soon as possible. 2. Cognitive characteristics of the second grade of high school: After the first year of high school, students are clearly divided into levels in terms of knowledge mastery, which are the so-called eugenics and underachievers. Psychological characteristics: Polarization in learning leads to different psychological states. For eugenics, their positive psychology has been developed step by step, such as interest rising to fun, and curiosity turning into curiosity and exploration. They are full of confidence, learning has become a conscious behavior, and they continue to get successful psychological experiences from it. On the other hand, some students have suffered repeated setbacks in their studies, and their mentality of discouragement, inferiority and even fear of learning has gradually solidified, and they have tendencies such as shifting interests and partial subjects. For middle-level students, their enthusiasm for learning is not high, and their purpose of learning is only to pass the college entrance examination, leaving them in an indifferent and passive state. The attribution psychology has undergone great changes, and the initiative of learning has been significantly enhanced. By the second year of high school, when children attribute their learning success or failure, they pay more attention to the impact of individual learning behaviors, that is, the internalization of attributions, rather than the objective conditions, that is, the externalization of attributions. For the improvement of academic performance, they place more hope on improving their learning behavior, learning emotions, developing good habits, improving time utilization, enhancing learning perseverance, etc., rather than changes in objective conditions, such as the learning environment. improvement, teachers’ teaching level, etc. Expectations and fears about the college entrance examination. Specific manifestations include being easily distracted during class and study, being unable to concentrate on learning, being easily disturbed, and often fantasizing about the future. They feel very nervous and feel inexplicable fear at the thought of actually taking the college entrance examination, so their subconscious minds sometimes prefer to be satisfied in fantasy. Communication focus: guide and help children achieve balanced development. Guide children to transform into internalized attributions and promote further enhancement of their initiative in learning. Help children correctly understand the inevitability and universality of the college entrance examination, and help them realize the importance of preparing in advance to reduce fear and anxiety. 3. Psychological characteristics of the third grade of high school: At this stage, children\’s social awareness is close to maturity, and they have gradually formed their own outlook on life and values, and have their own independent opinions on social reality issues. As the preparation time decreases, the ideological pressure and psychological fluctuations will become more prominent, and there will be three forms of differentiation: confidence type, confusion type, and giving up type. Confidence-type children have clear goals and lofty ideals in their thinking, strong interest in learning, good psychological quality, solid foundation, scientific methods, strong learning ability, balanced development in various subjects, stable test scores, and good Be confident in the college entrance examination. Confused children are mentally eager to be admitted to an ideal university, but due to a weak foundation and improper learning methods, their grades are often passive, and thus their grades are poor.It leads to unstable thinking and is relatively negative when performance does not improve or decline. When you make progress in the exam, you will be full of fighting spirit. I feel that it is difficult to get into college and I feel confused about my future. For children who give up, their grades have not improved after hard work, or their academic development is very uneven, resulting in a decline in grades, or even giving up on themselves at the most critical moment. Communication focus: Understand the child’s current situation through communication with teachers and children. Parents should pay more attention to their children\’s mental state while adjusting their own mentality, and do not let their own anxiety affect their children. Provide your children with the help you can and pay attention to their nutrition and health. [Teacher + Student Edition] Primary School Mathematical Olympiad Question Bank Lecture Courseware Download + 360 sets of Exercise Sets