Are all top academics self-taught? I believe you!

There is a question on Zhihu that has been watched by more than 1.1 million people and answered by more than 1,000 people: I interviewed many top academics and they all said that they were self-taught and did not attend tutoring classes. Do you believe it? This question is very interesting. The role of the teacher is missing in it. Everyone has acquiesced that just listening to the teacher’s lectures is not enough. Either self-study or take tutoring classes. And those top academics turned out to be self-taught and did not go to tutoring classes. Someone jumped out and said, believe it! Just look at the chicken babies in Haidian District. How can there be so many cheap things in the world? A girl in the same grade as our child is admitted to Tsinghua University. She has been in competitive classes since she was in the third grade of elementary school. Until the college entrance examination, they basically had no break. They usually took tutoring classes in the school\’s competition class. They only had ten days off in the winter vacation and two weeks in the summer vacation. The school also designated an off-campus competition class for them to participate. After reading this, my heart feels cold and my brain is so stupid. How can Puwa live? Should I prepare him for kindergarten? 1►What can we learn from top students? Someone in the comment area said that she was preparing for the competition and had nothing to do with in-class study. Besides, Puwa still wouldn\’t be able to get into Tsinghua University at her pace. It has no reference significance. We hope that our children will have a \”brain that excels in learning\”. After all, anything can be learned, only the \”brain\” is innate and cannot be learned. However, through good learning methods and strategies, we can better utilize the learning power of our brains. We always like to spread stories about \”gods of learning\” and \”geniuses\”, but it is easy to ignore the so-called academic masters. In addition to basic intellectual conditions, they are also people who are good at learning. I once taught a class for children. They were relatively active children, but it would not be wrong to say that they were all academic masters. After teaching them some basic \”tools\” in the subject, I gave them a problem and asked them to derive the formula on their own to solve it. After racking their brains, they were almost done with their derivation, and then two kids came up with two additional formulas. They never forgot the formulas derived in this class. Compared with the previous \”three-axe\” model of \”proposing formulas, explaining examples, and then practicing\”, their memory and understanding are much deeper. The child is still the same child, but if he changes his learning method, the effect will be completely different. Therefore, during the learning process, how learners process knowledge becomes crucial. In a Zhihu question, someone said this about tutoring classes: Apart from making people stupid, what else can tutoring classes do? Each one only knows how to set up models and formulas. How many teachers will patiently guide your child’s thinking and allow your child to think independently? That way, you won’t see any short-term results, and parents won’t be happy either. Indeed, if you want to improve your performance in the short term, taking a tutoring class may be effective, but when it comes to comprehensive assessment, relying on rote learning will not work. What I say here is not to deny the idea of ​​sending children to remedial classes. First, remedial classes must be selected. Second, even if children attend remedial classes, they cannot just wait for the teacher to \”indoctrinate\” them. They also need to take the initiative Knowledge is processed in depth. Can children learn this \”deep processing of knowledge\”? 2►Compared with \”memorizing formulas\” and \”being able to apply formulas\”, the way to let children learn deeply is obviously \”being able to deduce formulas\”.\”Formula\” is the in-depth processing of this part of knowledge, or deep learning. But it is more than that. In the Zhihu question, I very much agree with one of the respondents: I myself and almost all my classmates from Tsinghua University are good at self-study. I know most of the students from Peking University. Let me tell you a truth that many people don’t know. In fact, academic masters are not so much “study” as they are “research”. Even if it is very basic and simple knowledge that everyone knows, It is also true that \”research\” is far greater than \”learning\”. The so-called \”self-study\” is actually \”self-study\”. Specifically, many people think that \”learning\” means memorizing a bunch of texts and formulas and then leaving them unchanged. Memorizing is the most important thing, just like the ancient people in costume dramas memorizing sage books with their heads shaking. Big mistake! Real learning is actually \”research\”, memory is not the key at all, active thinking and analysis are. The key is to actively use your brain to analyze. \”Self-study\” becomes the focus of attention. When you want to study something, you can use some help from the outside world, but the most important thing is to listen to the teacher\’s lectures. When doing this, you are also doing \”independent\” research in your heart, asking yourself a series of questions, and doing a series of thinking. In other words, the teacher inspired your inner \”self-learning\”. It is said that all learning is \”self-study\” to varying degrees, and the so-called learning ability refers to the ability of self-study. After \”learning in advance\” became popular, most of them were sent to remedial classes and changed places. Students in class are still accustomed to waiting for \”indoctrination\”. Day after day, their independent learning ability has not improved at all. The result is that they listen to it with one ear and the other without any loss of initiative in their hearts. It is a very bad thing to never have the opportunity to practice initiative. No matter what the child\’s current level is, let him try to use \”self-study\” to gain understanding of knowledge. The difference is that some children are completely left to him. Some children need some help. How to help? 3► \”Self-study\”? Are you kidding? I once introduced the academician\’s method of learning mathematics. The mathematician Academician Sun Binyong said that he studied mathematics by himself. A parent sent me the following message from the backend of the official account: This expert has never seen the current textbooks. I believe he can’t learn it by himself using current textbooks. After seeing this, I strongly agreed with her. , so I went back: It turned out that she was unblocked after posting this sentence. It seems that she is suffering from the current teaching materials. If you read more of my two public account articles, you will know that I am not only the same as most parents, I think so. The current teaching materials are not suitable for self-study. At the same time, I am also working hard to help everyone find materials that can better achieve the goal of independent learning. Taking mathematics teaching materials as an example, the self-study teaching materials I collected are very suitable for children to read by themselves. To help, the first step is to provide materials of appropriate difficulty. You can click \”Read the original text\” to understand. By reading easy-to-understand materials, children can break through the inherent concept: learning does not necessarily have to be taught by the teacher.I listen to the process. It turns out that I can learn it myself by reading and thinking. This is the first step to becoming a top student. The second help for children\’s self-study is that when the child cannot understand the content, don\’t explain it directly. Instead, ask him questions and use questions to help him find the answer on his own. The questions should be as open-ended as possible to encourage his thinking. The third help is the famous \”Feynman Learning Method\”, which allows the child to be a little teacher and explain to you what he has learned. Parents must pretend to be \”silly\” and encourage them in time, praising him for reading carefully and understanding thoroughly. If you feel that his understanding is not comprehensive, you can play the role of a student and ask him questions, and suggest that he can re-check his \”teaching materials\” and \”teaching plans\” to explain it to you better. In general, \”self-study\” is the only way for every child to become an outstanding student, and it is also an essential ability to be competent in the changing society in the future. They didn\’t lie. The \”students\” are all engaged in self-study to some extent.