Bombay blood group classification and blood transfusion precautions
Mumbai is one of the most populous cities in India, where people of all blood types are found. It is critical to understand which blood transfusions should be received by people with different blood types, and what to pay attention to during the transfusion process. This article will introduce in detail the blood type classification and blood transfusion precautions in Mumbai from aspects such as blood type classification, blood type transfusion principles, blood transfusion for pregnant women and blood transfusion complications.
1. Blood type classification
Currently, there are four known blood types: A, B, AB and O, of which the ABO blood group system is the most basic. In Mumbai, these four blood groups have a majority of people. The principle of blood type classification is based on the types of antigens on the red blood cell membrane. For example, blood type A red blood cells have A antigen on the surface, B blood type red blood cells have B antigen on the surface, and AB blood type red blood cells have both A and B antigens on the surface. Group O red blood cells do not have A or B antigens on their surface. According to the presence or absence of Rh(D) antigen, blood is generally divided into Rh(D) positive and negative, with a total of eight blood types.
2. Principles of blood type transfusion
During blood processing and transfusion, attention should be paid to the occurrence of hemolytic reaction caused by blood type incompatibility. During blood transfusion, the appropriate blood type should be selected for transfusion based on the blood type and antibody status of the recipient. If there is a blood type incompatibility, the transfused red blood cells will combine with the antibodies in the recipient\’s plasma, attack the blood cells, destroy the red blood cells, and produce a severe hemolytic reaction. Therefore, a comprehensive preliminary examination must be carried out before blood transfusion to ensure that the blood type is consistent and the blood test results are correct.
3. Blood transfusion for pregnant women
During pregnancy, pregnant women often need help from blood transfusions if they have anemia, miscarriage, premature birth, etc. Since the blood type of a pregnant woman often changes naturally during pregnancy (due to external influences such as diet and drugs during pregnancy), it is necessary to consider whether an Rh(D) antigen test is needed to protect the safety of the fetus. If a pregnant woman\’s blood type is Rh negative and the fetus\’ blood type is Rh positive, when the blood mixes it will cause the pregnant woman to develop Rh antibodies. When you become pregnant again, if the fetus is Rh-positive, the mixing of blood will lead to fetal abnormalities, maternal respiratory catastrophe syndrome, liver function damage, and in severe cases, death.
4. Complications of blood transfusion
Common blood transfusion complications include allergic reactions, pyrogenic reactions, microcirculatory disorder reactions, infusion reactions, etc. The most serious and common ones are post-transfusion hemolytic reactions and transfusion infectious diseases. Hemolytic reactions are often divided into three types: mild allergic, moderate non-acute and severe acute hemolytic reactions, which can even lead to shock, death and other phenomena. Infectious diseases after blood transfusion are mostly caused by medical staff\’s improper operation and blood components carrying bacteria and viruses.
Summary
The blood type classification of people in Mumbai is not much different from that in other regions. Computer digital control of blood transfusion can help improve the accuracy of blood transfusion and reduce the incidence of blood transfusion accidents. It is also a modern process that saves manpower and material resources. forwardEarly examination and compressed time for blood transfusion are the best solutions. At the same time, nursing staff also need to strengthen monitoring of possible complications of blood transfusion in order to deal with them as quickly as possible. During blood transfusion, the patient should be fully explained and the patient\’s physical condition and medical history should be understood to ensure that the blood transfusion is carried out safely.
