[Collection] 16 Chinese classics, full of traditional Chinese wisdom

1. \”Three Character Classic, Hundred Family Surnames, Thousand Character Classic\”, \”Three Character Classic\”, \”Hundred Family Surnames\” and \”Thousand Character Classic\” are collectively called \”Three Hundred Thousand\”, also known as \”Three Family Villages\”. They are the first choice of traditional enlightenment education books in my country. Lu Kun in the Ming Dynasty said: \”Those who first enter sociology and are under the age of eight should first read the \”Three Character Classic\” to familiarize themselves with knowledge, \”Hundred Family Surnames\” for daily use, and \”Thousand Character Classic\” to clarify the meaning.\” \”Three Hundred Thousand\” The words are concise, rich in meaning, catchy and easy to read. It cleverly integrates early literacy education with Chinese history and culture, as well as personality cultivation education. 2. \”Poetry of a Thousand Family\” \”Poetry of a Thousand Family\” is an anthology of enlightenment metrical poetry that was popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The poems are generally arranged in the order of the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. The selected poems are basically modern poetry, including regular poetry and Quatrains. Although the book only selects 226 poems, it includes works by more than 120 authors, ranging from emperors, prime ministers, officials, famous bachelors, to monks, shepherd boys, anonymous people, and even a few women. The themes of the selected works are also very wide, including describing scenery, chanting about objects and expressing ambitions; giving farewell gifts to friends, remembering the past and regretting the present; inscribing paintings and chanting history, singing for entertainment, etc., which basically reflect all aspects of social life. 3. \”Enlightenment of Rhythm: Li Weng\’s Dual Rhymes\” includes \”Enlightenment of Rhythm\” and \”Li Weng\’s Dual Rhymes\”. From ancient times to the present, these two books have been the best enlightenment books for training children to write poetic couplets and master the rhythm and rhythm of poetry. The author of \”Enlightenment of Rhythm\” was Che Wanyu of the Qing Dynasty. The book is organized according to rhymes, including virtual and real responses to astronomy, geography, flowers and trees, birds and beasts, people, objects, etc. From single-character pairs to two-character pairs, three-character pairs, five-character pairs, seven-character pairs to eleven-character pairs, the sounds and rhymes are harmonious and catchy, and you can get training in pronunciation, vocabulary, and rhetoric. The author of \”Li Weng Duiyun\” is Li Yu from the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. \”Li Weng\” is Li Yu\’s nickname. The book is arranged in the same way as \”Enlightenment of Rhythm\”. 4. \”The Analects of Confucius·Mencius·University·The Doctrine of the Mean\” Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty extracted two articles \”The Analects of Confucius\” and \”The Doctrine of the Mean\” from the \”Book of Rites\” and compiled them with \”The Analects of Confucius\” and \”Mencius\” into the \”Four Books\”. Zhu Xi said: \”First read \”The Great Learning\” to determine its scale; secondly read \”The Analects\” to determine its foundation; secondly read \”Mencius\” to observe its progress; secondly read \”The Doctrine of the Mean\” to explore the subtleties of the ancients. .\” The \”Four Books\” contain the core content of Pre-Qin Confucianism, record the thoughts and wisdom of Confucian sages, and have a profound impact on the history of Chinese thought. When read in the 21st century, they still retain their profound educational significance and enlightenment. Value can be called the essence of national culture with a long history. 5. \”Historical Records\”, \”Historical Records\” and the later \”Hanshu\”, \”Later Hanshu\” and \”Three Kingdoms\” are collectively called the \”First Four Histories\”. They were written by Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty. They are the first biographical general history of our country and are listed as the \”Twenty-Four Histories\”. The first of \”History\” records a history of more than 3,000 years from the Huangdi era in ancient legends to the first year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The book has a total of 130 volumes, including ten lists, eight books, twelve chronicles, thirty aristocratic families, and seventy biographies, with a total of about 526,500 words. It was praised by Lu Xun as \”the splendid song of the historian, without rhyme\” \”Li Sao\”. 6. \”Xunzi\” \”Xunzi\” is a work by Xunzi. There are thirty-two chapters in existence. The content is very rich, extensive and profound. It is a summary of the academic ideological achievements of the pre-Qin Dynasty.book. Xunzi, whose given name was Kuang and whose courtesy name was Qing, was a native of the Zhao state at the end of the Warring States Period. People at that time respectfully called him \”Xunqing.\” \”. Xunzi served as the wine-sacrificial minister at Jixia Academy of Qi three times, and later as the magistrate of Chu Lanling (located in today\’s Lanling County, Shandong). As a representative of Confucianism in the Warring States Period, Xunzi had many differences from Mencius. For example, he advocated the \”theory of evil nature\”, which was opposed to Mencius\’ \”theory of good nature\”; Representative of Legalism. 7. \”Tao Te Ching\” \”Tao Te Ching\” is also known as \”Lao Tzu\” and \”Five Thousand Characters\”. It is said that in the Spring and Autumn Period, Lao Tzu left Hangu Pass to avoid disaster. At the invitation of Yin Xi, the official of the pass, he left behind five thousand words. \”Tao Te Ching\”, \”Book of Changes\” and \”The Analects of Confucius\” are considered to be the three most profound influences on the Chinese people. \”Tao Te Ching\” is profound and profound, and can be called the first book of philosophy. It takes Taoism and nature as its core and expounds the idea of ​​natural inaction. It contains many simple dialectical views on the transformation of opposites. Laozi\’s philosophy and ancient Greek philosophy together constitute the two peaks of human philosophy. Laozi is also revered as the \”Father of Chinese Philosophy\” because of his profound philosophical thoughts. 8. \”Zhuangzi\” and \”Zhuangzi\” are also called \”Nanhua Sutra\”, together with \”Laozi\” and \”Book of Changes\”, they are collectively called the \”Three Mysteries\”. The articles in \”Zhuangzi\” are extremely beautiful, with free-flowing thoughts and vivid, interesting and thorough reasoning. It is a model work of Taoist theory. Lu Xun commented: \”His writings are as vast as the ocean and full of manners. No other scholar in the late Zhou Dynasty can surpass them.\” A long list can be drawn up of those who were influenced by \”Zhuangzi\” by later generations, that is, the first-rate writers. Speaking of it, there are Ruan Ji, Tao Yuanming, Li Bai, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Cao Xueqin, etc. This shows its great influence. 9. \”The Book of Songs\” \”The Book of Songs\” is the earliest poetry collection in my country. It was originally called \”Shi\” or \”Three Hundred Poems\”. It collects 305 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, and 6 poems that only have chapter titles. But there is no \”Sheng poetry\” in poetry. \”The Book of Songs\” is divided into \”Wind\”, \”Ya\” and \”Song\” according to different music, and the expression techniques are \”Fu\”, \”Bi\” and \”Xing\”. Confucius spoke highly of \”The Book of Songs\”: \”If you don\’t study \”The Book of Songs\”, you will have nothing to say.\” The Book of Songs is rich in content, reflecting labor and love, war and corvee, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and banquets, and even celestial phenomena. , landforms, animals, plants and other aspects, it is a mirror of social life in the Zhou Dynasty and is known as the encyclopedia of ancient society. 10. \”Book of Changes\” \”Book of Changes\”, also known as \”Book of Changes\”, is one of the oldest classics in China. It is respected as the \”first of the Six Classics\” by Confucianism, and is regarded as one of the \”Three Mysteries\” by metaphysics and Taoism. \”Zhouyi\” has two parts: \”Jing\” and \”Zhuan\”. \”Jing\” includes sixty-four hexagrams, hexagrams, and line words; \”Zhuan\” includes \”Xici\”, \”Classical Chinese\”, \”彖\”, \”Xiang\”, \”Shuo Gua\”, \”Xu Gua\” and \”Miscellaneous Gua\”, also known as \”Ten Wings\”. \”The Book of Changes\” is the root of natural philosophy and ethical practice in traditional Chinese thought and culture, and has had a huge impact on Chinese culture. \”The Book of Changes\” covers everything, outlines the rules and regulations, and is an outstanding representative of Chinese traditional culture. It is vast and subtle, all-encompassing, and is also the source of Chinese civilization. 11. \”Book of Rites\” \”Book of Rites\” is a Confucian bookIt is an important collection of laws and regulations in ancient China. It is said to have been compiled by Dai Shengduo, a ritual scholar of the Western Han Dynasty. It is called the \”Five Confucian Classics\” together with the Book of Songs, Shangshu, Zhouyi, and Spring and Autumn Annals. \”Zhou Rites\” and \”Rituals\” are collectively called the \”Three Rites\”. For thousands of years, the books that have had the greatest influence on the ideology of the Chinese nation are Confucian books. Judging from the magnitude of its role, \”Book of Rites\” is second only to \”The Analects\”, comparable to \”Mencius\”, and far more than \”Xunzi\”. 12. \”Three Hundred Poems of the Tang Dynasty\” Poetry in the Tang Dynasty was prosperous and had the highest achievements. The \”Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty\” compiled during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty contains more than 48,900 poems, which is difficult for ordinary people to read in full. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, \”Three Hundred Tang Poems\” by Hengtang retired scholars only included 310 poems, making it the most widely circulated and influential popular reading book of Tang poetry. Today it is still the best introductory book for primary and secondary school students to get in touch with Chinese classical poetry. The title is said to be derived from the proverb \”If you are familiar with three hundred Tang poems, you will be able to recite them if you can\’t write them\”, and some say it is taken from \”Three Hundred Poems\”. Tang poetry, together with Song lyrics and Yuan music, has a wide range of themes and styles, and has had a profound impact on Chinese literature. 13. \”Three Hundred Song Ci\” and \”Three Hundred Song Ci\” were compiled and selected by Zhu Xiaozang in the Qing Dynasty. Song lyrics are another literary genre after Tang poetry. It has the characteristics of both literature and music. Each word has a tune name, which is called \”word name\”, and filling the word according to the tune is called \”Yisheng\”. According to the difference in content and emotional expression of words, the creation of words was divided by later generations into the graceful school and the bold school. Song lyrics, with their perfect artistic form, complement each other with Tang poems and Yuan operas. They are both three wonders in the literary garden of ancient my country. They still attract a large number of readers to this day. Many famous poems and lines are well-known and popular. 14. \”Three Hundred Yuan Operas\” and \”Three Hundred Yuan Operas\” were compiled and selected by Lu Qian and Ren Na during the Republic of China. Yuan opera is a literary style that is in tandem with Tang poetry and Song lyrics. It includes two categories: Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu is divided into Xiaoling and Taoshu. Yuan music originated from the folk like Song poetry, and was later developed into a strict rhythmic format through the hands of musicians and literati. As the mainstream of Yuan Dynasty literature, Yuan opera has rich and diverse themes, broad vision, vivid and vivid life reflections, and full and touching characters. It is a precious heritage in the treasure house of ancient Chinese culture. 15. \”Guwen Guanzhi\” \”Guwen Guanzhi\” was compiled and selected by Wu Chengquan and Wu Tiaohou, uncles and nephews of the Qing Dynasty in the 33rd year of Kangxi (1694), and published and printed the following year. Erwu has been teaching students for a long time, and this book is a textbook for students. The selected prose in \”Guwen Guanzhi\” starts from the pre-Qin period and ends in the late Ming Dynasty. It generally reflects the general outline and main features of the development of prose from the pre-Qin period to the late Ming Dynasty. They are all excellent works with concise language, short and concise, and easy to recite. \”Guwen Guanzhi\” has been widely circulated and influential for hundreds of years, and is unique among many ancient text selections. Lu Xun believed that it was the same as \”Selected Works of Zhaoming\”, \”their influence on literature cannot be underestimated.\” 16. The author of \”Yan Family Instructions\” and \”Yan Family Instructions\” is Yan Zhitui, a scholar in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The book has seven volumes and 20 chapters. It is the first \”family instruction\” in later generations and is known as the \”ancestor of ancient and modern family instruction\”. A precious piece of the treasure trove of family education theories in ancient my countryheritage. \”Yan\’s Family Instructions\” not only has an important reference role for us in terms of family ethics and moral cultivation, but also has high academic value for studying the history and culture of the Southern and Northern Dynasties; at the same time, the author\’s wise and philosophical attitude in troubled times has deeply inspired us. For future generations.