Detailed explanation of Tang screening inspection items
As a prenatal examination, Tang screening can not only understand the physical condition of the fetus, but also detect certain abnormalities early and provide early intervention and treatment. Next, we will start with the common Tang screening inspection items in China and explain their inspection contents in detail.
Part 1: Fetal Ultrasound
The more important part of Tang screening examination is fetal ultrasound examination. During the examination, the doctor will use ultrasound technology to observe the growth and development of the fetus, including measuring the fetus\’ head circumference, abdominal circumference, body length, skull thickness, etc. In addition, doctors can also observe the fetal heartbeat, umbilical blood flow, placenta position and other information through ultrasound examination to ensure that the fetus is growing well, which can also effectively avoid various pregnancy complications.
Part 2: Maternal blood screening for Down syndrome
Maternal blood Down syndrome screening is a non-invasive testing method that can detect chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome and trisomy syndrome through blood testing. During the specific operation, after blood collection, the serum is separated for chemiluminescence or fluorescence detection. By measuring indicators such as β-hCG and PAPP-A concentration in the blood, the risk of neonatal chromosomal abnormalities is detected. If the maternal blood screening result for Down\’s syndrome is positive, it means that the pregnant woman\’s fetus is at risk of chromosomal abnormalities, but it does not mean a confirmed diagnosis, and further relevant examinations and confirmation are needed.
Part 3: NUCMITP detection
The NUCMITP test is a new detection method for Down Trisomy Syndrome, also known as sarcoplasmic reticulum current conduit protein-1 (NUCMITP) screening. During the examination, cells are mainly collected from the oral cavity of pregnant women for PCR testing. This method does not require placenta or amniotic fluid samples and is highly safe. This detection method makes use of the difference in DNA sequence between pregnant women and fetal cells, so it can accurately identify the cysteine (cysteine) residues inserted into the uteroplacental sample in the blood of pregnant women, which at the sequence level represents the origin of one side of the fertilized egg. Based on the NUCMITP locus, it is possible to determine whether the fetus has abnormalities such as Down Trisomy Syndrome.
Part 4: Amniocentesis
When other tests cannot rule out genetic problems such as Down Trisomy Syndrome, congenital heart disease, and neural tube defects, doctors will recommend amniocentesis for accurate diagnosis. This examination requires puncture of the lower abdomen of pregnant women at 14-20 weeks of gestation under the guidance of a doctor and collecting amniotic fluid. The amniotic fluid sample is then sent to a laboratory for genetic testing for problems such as Down Trisomy Syndrome, congenital heart disease and neural tube defects. Although amniocentesis can produce accurate results, the risks are still high and care must be taken during the sampling process.
Summary
In general, Tang screening examination is a very important prenatal examination. It uses a variety of means to comprehensively and systematically monitor pregnant women and fetuses and detect related abnormalities early. It is very important.necessary. Fetal ultrasound examination and maternal blood Down syndrome screening in the Down syndrome screening test are commonly used examination methods, which can detect a certain proportion of abnormalities and ensure the health of pregnant women and fetuses. NUCMITP testing and amniocentesis are more in-depth and accurate examination methods and are suitable for pregnant women with high risks, but they need to be chosen carefully and take safety measures. Ultimately, when parents choose Tang screening examination items, they can choose based on their own circumstances and the doctor’s advice to ensure the accuracy and safety of the examination.
