Detailed explanation of paternity testing process
Paternity testing is a process that uses scientific methods to declare whether a parent-child relationship exists based on the unique genetic laws of parent-child relationships. People often use it to resolve disputes in families, marriages, etc. Before performing a paternity test correctly, you need to understand its basic process, which will help ensure the accuracy of the test and provide more effective support for the use of the test results. Here is a detailed introduction to the process of paternity testing.
Collect samples
In the first step of a paternity test, you need to identify the people involved in the test and collect their samples. Generally, human tissue cells with genetic quality are collected, such as oral mucosal cells, blood, hair, nails, semen, vaginal secretions, etc. When collecting samples, it is necessary to ensure the freshness and integrity of the samples to avoid unnecessary repeated sampling time and expenses.
Detection analysis
After the sample is collected, it needs to be tested and analyzed. The general detection method is to use DNA technology for detection. There are many types of DNA analysis technologies used in experimental testing, such as the most commonly used PCR technology, RFLP, STR, SSP, VNTR, etc. Among them, PCR technology is the most commonly used. The basic principle of this technology is to detect DNA in samples in the shortest time and fastest speed based on DNA sequencing. It is low-cost, high-efficiency, high-sensitivity, and high-profile, and can greatly reduce detection costs. time to improve detection accuracy.
Data comparison
After testing, sample data need to be compared. Data comparison is to compare the DNA data of the test subject with the DNA data of the reference sample to determine whether the test sample and the reference sample have the same genetic sequence, thereby determining the existence and degree of parent-child relationship. Currently in comparison, STR technology is mainly used. STR technology is a method based on microsatellite probes, PCR amplification and gel electrophoresis analysis. It can quickly determine the genetic relationship between two samples by comparing the length of short repetitive sequences in the samples.
Conclusion output
After the comparison is completed, the identification results can be obtained. The identification results are usually divided into three situations: positive, negative, and indeterminate. Positive means that the genetic relationship between parent and child is significant; negative means that there is no blood relationship between the people involved in the identification; undetermined means that there may be a genetic relationship, or the sample is not enough to determine or apply some technical methods. For the output of identification results, the needs of customers should be taken into account and appropriate explanations and concerns should be made to avoid unnecessary ambiguity.
Summary
Paternity testing is currently a relatively accurate and scientific parent-child relationship testing technology. It has been widely used in all walks of life. It protects families and maintains social harmony and stability. Correctly carrying out the paternity test process requires sample collection, testing and analysis, data comparison, conclusion output and other processes. Identification results should follow the principles of science, fairness, professionalism, legality, and confidentiality. Passing a paternity test is not only helpful in resolving family disputes and controversies, but also in cultivating the familytrust and stability, and promote social harmony and development.
