Like women, men’s hypothalamus also regularly secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone, which prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates testicular cells and drives germ cells to produce sperm; luteinizing hormone drives testicular cells to secrete testosterone. Testosterone gives men certain physical characteristics and sex drive, and assists in sperm maturation. Sperm are produced in the testicles, mature in the epididymis, and finally excreted through the penis. Males have this ability at the end of their puberty period, usually between the ages of 12 and 16.
The testicles form in the abdomen of the body and descend into the scrotum at birth. The pouch-shaped scrotum isolates the testicles from the body. If the testicles do not descend into the scrotum or are not fully developed themselves, this usually results in a reduced sperm count, which is one of the causes of infertility. Most men\’s testicles are usually asymmetrical, with one larger than the other and slightly higher in the scrotum.
The function of the scrotum is to keep the testicles at a normal temperature so that sperm can be produced. Because the testicles are suspended outside the body, their temperature is slightly lower than the normal temperature inside the human body. When the temperature is low, the scrotum contracts to keep the testicles warm. As the temperature of the testicles increases, the scrotum relaxes, allowing them to absorb more air. However, the scrotum cannot do anything about the extreme impact of temperature. For example, if you take a hot bath for a long time or the testicles are exposed to high temperatures for a long time, the number of sperm produced will decrease, or the sperm produced will be abnormal or inactive. It takes two and a half months for these side effects to disappear.
Follicle-stimulating hormone in the body can stimulate trophoblast cells to secrete nutrients for sperm growth. After the puberty period, young men will frequently produce spermatocytes, about 1,000 per second. It takes 74 days for spermatocytes to transform into sperm. The front part of the sperm contains genetic material, the middle part provides energy for rapid movement, and the long whip-shaped tail serves as propulsion.
To complete the sperm development process, the maturing sperm swim into the epididymis and remain tightly coiled in ultra-thin tubes that can be felt at the back of each testicle. The epididymis is where sperm complete their development process. Mature sperm can move under their own power and enter the vas deferens, the tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra, where they linger until ejaculation.
A normal man’s body can produce millions of sperm every day, about 40% of which are defective. The shape of these sperm or heads is differentNormal, or there is more than one sperm head, or part of the genetic material is missing. The sperm formation process is not perfect, which is one of the reasons why the human body produces large amounts of sperm. In addition, reproductive system infections can also damage sperm quality.
What a normal man ejaculate each time is a mixture of sperm and semen, containing about 2 to 6 milliliters of liquid; each milliliter contains 20 to 200 million sperm. After some men ejaculate, the sperm content in each cubic centimeter of liquid is less than 20 million, which will also affect fertility to some extent. After ejaculation, if the number of mobile sperm is less than 5 million, fertility will be greatly affected.
The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra. When sexual intercourse reaches climax, sperm and semen are discharged through the prostate, forming ejaculation. The male urethra has two functions. It is responsible for transporting urine from the bladder when urinating. It is responsible for the discharge of semen during sexual intercourse. When orgasm occurs, the opening between the bladder and urethra closes to prevent urine from seeping into semen. It takes a short time after ejaculation for the urinary system to resume function.
When sexual intercourse reaches climax, the muscles of the male pelvis, the prostate and the muscle walls of the vas deferens will contract, prompting semen to be discharged from the urethra through the penis. Each ejaculation typically contains tens of millions of sperm.
If sexual intercourse occurs around the time of ovulation, the consistency of the mucus secreted by a woman\’s cervix allows sperm to pass smoothly. Many sperm that pass through the mucus quickly enter the uterus and then into the fallopian tube within 5 to 10 minutes. Because the survival time of sperm in the cervix and reproductive tract is 48 hours, the speed of sperm swimming is crucial.
If the fallopian tube remains open, the sperm will quickly swim toward the egg. The contraction of the fallopian tube and the chemicals and hormones secreted by the egg itself will also contribute to the swimming of the sperm. When many sperm crowd around the egg and can\’t wait to enter, they inevitably collide with the egg\’s cell group. These sperm secrete an enzyme to break down these cells. Thousands of sperm will die within a few hours, but the cell mass of the egg will disappear, leaving an egg membrane in front of the surviving sperm. A large number of sperm will attach to this protective layer. The last sperm penetrates and then the egg membrane quickly closes to prevent other sperm from entering.
Researchers have always wanted to know what are the differences or advantages of the sperm that was killed from thousands of soldiers compared with other sperm? The current conclusion is that the sperm must be \”activated\” to accomplish this feat. The tip of the sperm not only contains chromosomes, but is also covered with something called the acrosome membrane. Before the sperm enters the egg, some enzymes in the acrosome membrane begin to become excited, which is a necessary acrosome reaction. The activated enzyme slowly advances along the fallopian tube, opening the way for sperm to enter the egg. Abnormalities anywhere in the acrosomal membrane can lead to male infertility.
After the sperm and egg fuse together, their chromosomes also combine to form oneCells with new genetic combinations. This new cell breaks down once every 16 hours. New chromosome combinations are also continuously copied to each newly broken down cell. This multiplying population of cells travels into the fallopian tube and then into the uterus. If these cell groups can successfully implant in the endometrium, they will continue to receive nutrients for the next 37 weeks. It passes first through the uterine lining and then the placenta. The placenta has dense blood vessels. Before birth, the placenta is responsible for providing the oxygen and nutrients needed for fetal development.
This article is provided by Baidu Reading and is excerpted from \”The Clear \”Conception\” Plan\” Author: Sun Jianqiu and Xie Yingbiao