Mathematics enlightenment for young children is not about doing calculations, these four goals are the focus

A mother asked the teacher this question in an educational live broadcast room: My child cannot actively complete his homework every day. He needs to drink water and go to the toilet. He needs me to push him every day. Done, sometimes I can\’t help but get angry and beat him up. May I ask the teacher what should I do? The teacher asked the mother: How old are your children and what homework do they do? The mother said: My child is 4 years old and attends a small class. The teacher looked shocked and asked her mother: Only 4 years old? Where did the homework come from? My mother said: It’s math, English, pinyin, literacy, etc. I want him to master addition and subtraction within 100 before elementary school. The children of several friends around me have already learned it. Hearing this, I couldn\’t help but sigh: Another mother who has lost her way in the torrent of \”chicken babies\”. Letting children in small classes begin to learn to master addition and subtraction operations within 100 is really counterproductive. Mathematics enlightenment at the kindergarten stage is not about doing arithmetic problems. When it comes to mathematical enlightenment and transition from early childhood to early childhood, many parents will involuntarily set such goals: first, let their children learn to count and recognize numbers, and secondly, do arithmetic problems by counting their fingers and memorizing formulas. This kind of enlightenment process is relatively narrow and boring, and deviates from the development rules of children\’s mathematical cognition. Scientific and effective mathematics enlightenment needs to follow two indicators: 1. Children\’s cognitive development rules. Piaget believed that children in the pre-operational stage cannot solve mathematical problems through logical reasoning and abstract operations, so a four-year-old child Starting to learn addition and subtraction within 100 is a very unreasonable goal. If the goal is unreasonable, parents will easily become angry and anxious, and the guidance process will be difficult. Getting angry is inevitable, and children will fall into guilt, deny themselves, and have a strong sense of frustration. Before real mathematics learning begins, children have already lost interest and confidence. If it is addition and subtraction within 10, a 4-year-old child can completely understand it, but it still needs to rely on concrete tools to understand, such as cracking fingers and using toys to do addition and subtraction. I believe everyone has discovered that children today are generally smarter. As long as our enlightenment methods are reasonable and scientific, children can easily understand them. For example, if we want to guide children to learn addition within ten, how much is 2 + 3, and there happen to be a few building blocks on hand, then first take 2 building blocks, then 3 building blocks, and place them in front of the child, and the child will count Just count and know that 2+3 equals 5. This process of calculating with physical objects not only conforms to children\’s cognitive characteristics of \”reliance on concreteness\”, but also teaches children the ability to use props to calculate. By learning this method, children can calculate while playing. 2. Guide issued by the Ministry of Education. From this guide we can see two key points: 1) Kindergarten children can learn arithmetic problems, but they only need to learn addition and subtraction within 10. 2) Kindergarten children’s mathematical cognition. It is not just about learning arithmetic, it also includes the cultivation of space, geometry, measurement, patterns and other content related to number sense. This is the correct direction and goal of mathematics enlightenment in kindergarten. If some parents mention mathematics enlightenment, they mean counting and adding. Subtraction, that really digs a big hole in the development of children\’s interest in mathematics. Of course, someone canCan you tell me, if most of the children in the class have learned addition and subtraction within 50, and my child only knows addition and subtraction within 10, wouldn’t he be unable to keep up? I think everyone can inquire about the learning situation of the first-grade children in the previous primary school and the teachers’ teaching goals when their children are in the first grade, and then make plans for their children’s transition from kindergarten to primary school. No matter how the goals and plans are formulated, they cannot deviate from the objective laws of development and guiding requirements, and they will never deviate from the original principles. Improving logical thinking and training young children\’s mathematics enlightenment game book, 25 volumes in PDF. Children with high IQs and early display of mathematical talents are rare after all. Most children will still move forward on the track of objective development laws, so take one step at a time. Footprints, walk steadily. Reasonable goals and scientific methods are the only way to get twice the result with half the effort in kindergarten children\’s mathematical enlightenment. According to the \”Learning and Development Guide for Children Aged 3-6\”, mathematical cognition in the entire stage of kindergarten should cover four major aspects. We can combine these aspects If the guidance work is done enough, the children\’s mathematics learning will not be too difficult. 1. Cultivate children\’s number sense and interest in mathematics through life and games. Life comes first and then mathematics. Mathematics appears to solve problems encountered in life, so children\’s mathematics enlightenment cannot be separated from life. Children\’s interest in mathematics also needs to be cultivated in life and games. For example, we take the children to buy vegetables and let them pick 3 carrots, 5 potatoes, and 4 tomatoes. The children take one and count them. The corresponding relationship between numbers and physical objects is gradually mastered. You will also find that at the beginning, the two aspects of counting and picking up things are independent and do not correspond to each other. When the child counts to 2 in his mouth, he only holds the first carrot in his hand. As long as we grasp the principle that \”concrete visualization is the main way to learn mathematics in early childhood\”, we can develop many mathematical enlightenment activities, such as: dividing cakes, taking stools, setting chopsticks, dividing fruits, recognizing buses, sitting Subway and so on. 2. Guide children to recognize numbers, quantities, and quantitative relationships. These attributes exist in every aspect of our lives. As long as we are willing to guide, there are opportunities for enlightenment everywhere. For example, when asking children to help pick up apples, we would originally say \”Please help.\” \”I\’ll get an apple\”, but change it to \”Please get me a big apple\”. The addition of the attributive \”big\” can prompt the child to observe, compare and think about which of the two apples on the plate is. Which one is bigger? Take two bottles of mineral water and drink half of one bottle. Let the child observe which bottle has more water capacity. Then hold the bottles with two hands to feel which bottle is heavier and which bottle is heavier. Go out for a walk and find out which tree is the tallest and which is the shortest. Pick up two sticks with different thicknesses and compare which one is thicker and which one is thinner. When taking a bath, put some cups with different capacities for your children. , bottles, let him feel the capacity of different containers 3. Perceive the relationship between shape and space Shape and space are the primary forms of geometric mathematics. The guidance of this part can be achieved mainly in two directions: 1) Games Games are important learning for kindergarten children way, with the help of various toys to obtainPerceptual experience can help children understand abstract mathematical concepts, such as: building blocks, clay, graffiti, puzzles, origami and other educational toys. It can guide children to recognize shapes when going out for a walk, and let children act as guides and guide the direction while talking: straight ahead Turn left, turn right in front, go up the bridge in front, go off the bridge in front, and feel the basic directions such as up, down, left, right, front and back in the game. Games such as peek-a-boo and drilling holes can allow children to perceive the inside and outside space. 2) Observe shapes They are everywhere. If we pay attention, we live in various shapes. This real, visible and touchable scene provides rich materials for children to recognize shapes and feel space. For example: search with children , what are the rectangles in your home? Children will find coffee tables, TV cabinets, door frames, wardrobes, mirrors, and then look for round ones? The child will find a bowl, a plate, or a circle on the wallpaper and observe the circle. The basic plane shapes can be mastered. When the child reaches middle school, he will upgrade to three-dimensional shapes. For example, look for cuboids and cylinders. When walking in the yard, the floor tiles under your feet, the tall buildings next to you, and even the clouds in the sky are all shapes. 4. Perceptual classification, sorting and patterns Classification, sorting and patterns allow children to observe and compare and find the same And in different places, you can also realize that some things can be arranged according to certain rules. Regarding this part of the guidance, I have been insisting on doing it. The results I can see so far are: my son has a certain sensitivity in observing patterns and does a good job in classification. My experience is: 1) Use Montessori mathematics Enlightenment Concept In the Montessori education concept, the core content of mathematics enlightenment also includes allowing children to perceive and experience classification, sorting and patterns. Its classic teaching aids cylindrical socket, pink tower, brown ladder, and red stick have such functions. My son started playing with various Montessori teaching aids when he was about one and a half years old. He naturally followed the directions of the teaching aids to classify and sort them. For example, the cylindrical socket teaching aids gradually decreased or increased from thick to fine, and the pink tower started from From big to small, the numbers decrease or increase step by step, and the red stick becomes shorter or longer step by step. 2) There is a certain pattern and order in categorizing and sorting toys and daily items. We can provide orderly and regular models for children in life, such as: categorizing toys and using different organizing boxes. , storage bags, classify and store different toys, place building blocks with building blocks, and put puzzles with puzzles. Although it is troublesome to put away, the impact on children\’s mathematical cognition is subtle, and he will unconsciously Master how to classify and order clothes. When collecting clothes, let the children help classify dad\’s clothes, mom\’s clothes, and their own clothes. This is also a classification training. The above is the mathematical enlightenment content we need to guide children in the entire kindergarten stage. Although it includes Addition and subtraction are arithmetic operations, but not all of them are operations, more of them are number sense that seems to have nothing to do with arithmetic.