According to the principles of eugenics, patients suffering from the following genetic diseases should not have children.
(1) Autosomal dominant diseases:Such as skeletal dysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, Marfan syndrome, retinoblastoma, multiple familial colon polyps, Melanoma, gastrointestinal polyposis syndrome, congenital myotonia, progressive muscular dystrophy, etc. The dominant causative genes of these genetic diseases are on autosomal chromosomes. In the patient\’s family, patients with the same disease can appear in every generation. . The disease has nothing to do with gender and can occur in both men and women. If a patient marries a normal person, the risk of the child born to the disease is 50%, so it is not suitable to have children.
(2) X-linked dominant genetic disease:Because the dominant disease-causing gene of the patient is on the X chromosome, there are more female patients than male patients.
The offspring of female patients, whether sons or daughters, have a 50% risk of becoming patients with the same disease, so they are not suitable for childbirth.
As for the offspring of male patients, the daughters are 100% affected by the disease and the sons are normal, so they can give birth to boys but not girls.
(3) Polygenic genetic diseases: The pathogenesis of genetic diseases such as schizophrenia, manic-depressive psychosis, severe congenital heart disease, and primary epilepsy is complex. The heritability is high and the harm is serious. Regardless of whether the patients are male or female, the risk of the disease in their offspring is much more than 10%, and they are not suitable for reproduction.
(4) Chromosomal diseases: For patients with Down syndrome, Duchenne syndrome and other chromosomal diseases, the risk rate of their children is more than 50%, and those who are carriers of homologous chromosomal translocations And the offspring of patients with complex chromosomal translocations are all chromosomal disease patients, so they are not suitable for reproduction.
(5) Autosomal recessive diseases: Both couples have the same severe autosomal recessive diseases, such as congenital deafness, phenylketonuria, and albinism , galactosemia, hepatolenticular degeneration, etc., it is not suitable to have children, because the children born to them will definitely be patients with the same disease.
(6) )wait. Since the recessive disease-causing gene is located on the X chromosome, patients are mostly male. Male patients marry normal women, and all the boys born to them are normal, but all the daughters are carriers of the recessive disease gene. If a female carrier marries a normal male, the child willAmong girls, sons have a 50% risk of becoming patients, while all daughters are normal. Therefore, male fetuses must be restricted to only daughters.
Due to the wide variety of genetic diseases, diverse inheritance methods, and different impacts on offspring, patients with genetic diseases should receive genetic counseling when considering fertility issues, and make wise and sensible decisions with the guidance and help of a doctor. ideal choice.
This article is provided by Baidu Reading and is excerpted from \”Three Months Before Pregnancy – Pregnancy Preparation Period\” Author: Wang Liru