Hello everyone, I believe there are still many friends who don’t know much about the related issues of using cigarette butts for paternity testing and paternity testing collection. It doesn’t matter, I will do it today. Let’s share with you the problems of using cigarette butts for paternity testing and collection of paternity testing. The article may be too long. I hope it can help everyone. Let’s take a look below!
Contents of this article
- The simplest method for paternity testing
- How to collect DNA paternity test samples
- Paternity test collection
- What do you need to provide for a paternity test
- How to do a DNA paternity test
1. The simplest method of paternity testing
Paternity testing The simplest method is a blood type test. Blood types include O, AB, A and B. The blood type system uses blood type to determine parent-child relationship. The more blood type systems tested, the higher the accuracy. But blood type testing is not entirely conclusive. At present, the most important paternity testing system is DNA paternity testing. DNA paternity testing is 100% accurate in denying paternity and 99.9% in affirming paternity.
2. How to collect DNA paternity test samples
1. DNA Commonly used samples for paternity testing: blood, blood stains, hair with hair follicles, oral mucosal cells (oral swab), etc. ;Special testing materials for DNA paternity testing: such as cigarette butts, nails, chewing gum, teeth, toothbrushes, menstrual blood, nosebleeds, pure semen spots; Precautions for collecting samples for personal paternity testing:;
2. Hair: over five years old, regardless of black and white hair, with at least five hair follicles.
3. Oral swabs: Prepare six cotton swabs. After rinsing your mouth, rub the cotton swabs on the left and right inner walls of the mouth about ten times and take them out;
4. Blood stains: Clean and disinfect your hands, use a disposable blood collection needle to gently prick the nail, take three to five drops of blood stains as big as peas and drop them on a cotton swab or gauze;
5. Cigarette butts: 3 to 5 normally smoked cigarette butts;
6. Toothbrush: recently used for more than 3 months.; The results of all samples that can be used in the paternity test are consistent
3. Paternity test collection
Paternity test mainly collects blood and hair, collects father and son or mother and daughter, biological brothers and sisters, and uses their blood and hair to identify the collected hair with scientific instruments. If it reaches 99, 99%, it is father and son. Or mother and daughter, paternity test is often used to determine whether the blood types match and whether there is blood relationship. If you need to write down when you are sick, you will use paternity test collection
4. What is required for a paternity test
1. 1. DNA samples and relevant identity documents of both parents and children are required.
2. 2DNA samples can be obtained by collecting oral swabs, blood or hair.
3. 3. Identity documents can be ID cards, household registration books, passports, etc.
4. 4. If the paternity test is performed in a hospital or professional institution, they will provide details. The operating procedures and list of required materials
5. How to do a DNA paternity test
Paternity test technology and results were initially mainly used in public security agencies’ investigations, such as rape-induced pregnancy cases, child abduction cases, etc.
Now, Its uses have become more and more diversified, and are used in many businesses of the court system, notary agencies, and administrative agencies, such as divorce disputes, property inheritance, household registration, immigration, etc.
●Rape leading to pregnancy, the suspect needs to be identified;
●Highly decomposed unknown corpses or skeletons, the identity needs to be determined;
●Paternity test for abducted children;
●Identify whether twins are from the same father;
●Helping women obtain child support from the biological father;
●Helping parents obtain custody and visitation rights for their biological children;
●In vitro fertilization bloodline identification, identification of test tubes obtained through in vitro fertilization Whether the baby has any laboratory errors;
●In other cases, a DNA paternity test is required;
In ancient times, the identification of parent-child relationships was carried out through \”blood identification\”, but this method is not reliable. In modern times, with the development of science and technology, the identification of parent-child relationships is mainly judged through DNA paternity testing. For example, blood, hair, saliva, oral cells and bones can be used for kinship testing.
DNA paternity testing mainly detects the nuclear genome. Since all tissue cells develop from the same fertilized egg, DNA has tissue identity, so Any tissue or secretion of the human body can be used as a paternity test sample, as long as the sample contains \”nucleated cells\”.
Using DNA for paternity testing requires a dozen to dozens of DNA sites for testing. If they are all the same, the paternity relationship can be determined; as long as there are 3 If the above sites are different, they can be excluded.
DNA paternity test, the accuracy rate of confirming paternity is more than 99.99%, and the accuracy rate of denying paternity is close to 100%.
When applying for a judicial paternity test, you must bring your valid personal ID to the scene. The forensic identification agency will collect samples, conduct inspection and appraisal, and issue an appraisal opinion. For a private paternity test, the client can collect samples by himself and go to a forensic appraisal agency for anonymous testing. The appraisal agency will keep the client confidential throughout the process.
The samples for paternity testing include blood (blood stains/blood spots on various carriers), saliva spots, oral swabs, hair, nails (toenails), human body Tissues (costal cartilage, heart, lungs, brain, muscles, skin, teeth, bones, etc.), semen/sperm spots, carrier-derived cells (such as cigarette butts, toothbrushes, cups, glasses, rings, etc.), paraffin-embedded and sectioned tissues wait. Note that samples must be clean and unique to the person they belong to. Do not touch them easily. They can be stored in a cool and dry environment for a short period of time.
This ends the introduction to paternity testing using cigarette butts and paternity testing collection. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.
