Introduction
Pre-pregnancy examination is a very important task. It can not only rule out the impact of genetic defects, disease infections, etc. on the fetus, but also provide scientific and reasonable reproductive guidance for people preparing for pregnancy, and reduce the risk of pregnancy complications and child development defects. Therefore, couples preparing for pregnancy must take pre-pregnancy health check-ups seriously. In this article, we will introduce in detail the physical examination items that must be done before pregnancy from four aspects: genetics, reproduction, endocrinology, and infection.
Genetic physical examination
Genetic factors are one of the important factors that affect fetal health. Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is very necessary and recommended to conduct a scientific examination of the genetic status of yourself and your spouse. Specifically, this inspection mainly includes the following contents:
1. Family medical history investigation. By asking your and your spouse\’s immediate family members about the disease and genetic disease, you can preliminarily determine whether the couple has genetic disease in their family.
2. Screening for autosomal and sex chromosome abnormalities. Through blood tests, we can find out whether the couple has autosomal and sex chromosome abnormalities, so as to avoid the birth of a fetus with genetic diseases.
3. Genetic testing. Genetic testing can provide an in-depth understanding of the genetic status of a couple, help determine the risk of genetic diseases, and take effective fertility measures.
Reproductive physical examination
The health of the reproductive system is directly related to the success rate of pregnancy preparation and safety during pregnancy. Therefore, relevant reproductive system examinations should also be performed during pre-pregnancy examinations. The main contents are as follows:
1. Check the male partner. Men should undergo routine semen examination, sperm morphology and quantity examination, testosterone level measurement, etc. to ensure the normal function of their reproductive system and sperm quality.
2. The woman’s examination. Female examinations should include routine gynecological examinations, ovarian function tests, endometrial thickness measurement, cervical scraping examinations, etc. Among them, ovulation induction treatment and artificial insemination are effective ways for women with reproductive system problems to prepare for pregnancy.
Endocrine physical examination
Endocrine disorders may lead to irregular menstruation, infertility and other problems. Therefore, endocrine examination is also very important during pre-pregnancy examination.
1. Thyroid function test. Knowing whether your spouse has hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and other diseases will have a certain impact on fertility in later pregnancy.
2. Check prolactin levels. If women\’s prolactin levels are abnormal, it may lead to problems such as hypogonadism and excessive milk secretion.
3. Check sex hormone levels. Sex hormone levels have a great impact on women\’s menstrual cycles and fertility, so checking the levels of adrenaline, androgens and other hormones can help couples understand their reproductive health.
Physical examination for infection
Infectious diseases can reduce the safety of pregnancy and increase the risks for mothers and children. Therefore, infectious diseases should also be screened during pre-pregnancy examinations.
1. Syphilis screening. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that, if not treated promptly, may affect a woman\’s fertility.
2. HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C screening. These viruses are persistentIf you continue to be infected with the virus, prevention and treatment are very important.
3. Pathogen screening. Infectious diseases are particularly dangerous during pregnancy. Therefore, screening patients for sexually transmitted diseases or other common infectious diseases cannot be ignored.
Summary
In pre-pregnancy check-ups, genetic, reproductive, endocrine and infectious medical examinations are all very important. Only by checking to ensure that the body is in good health can it be possible to ensure that the fetus will develop healthily and be born safely. Therefore, both men and women should pay attention to pre-pregnancy examinations and actively cooperate with doctors to conduct various examinations, thereby improving the success rate of pregnancy and reducing the risks of pregnancy complications, child development defects and other risks.
