Hello everyone, thank you for the invitation. Today I will share with you the problem of the Y chromosome and some confusion about what the presence of the Y chromosome in the sample means. If you still don’t understand If so, it doesn’t matter, because I will share it with you next. I hope it can help everyone and solve everyone’s problems. Let’s get started!
Contents of this article
- The difference between X chromosome and Y chromosome
- How many genes are there on the y chromosome
- Do people with y chromosomes exist >
- What genes are there on the Y chromosome
- What does one extra y chromosome mean?
- What does the presence of y chromosome in the sample mean
1. The difference between X chromosome and Y chromosome
1. Different shapes. X chromosome has a common X shape; while Y chromosome It is a special Y shape, that is, one \”fork\” is missing.
2. The genetic functions are different. X and X are paired to be female, while Y and X are paired to be male.
2. How many genes are there on the y chromosome
It has not yet been determined Complete sequencing, divided into two types of structures based on whether recombination occurs during meiosis, namely pseudoautosomal regions and male-specific regions.
1. Pseudoautosomal region: Located at both ends of the Y chromosome, it can recombine with the X chromosome during meiosis and can be divided into two arms. The short arm contains 13 genes and the long arm contains 4 genes;
2. Male-specific region: composed of heterochromatin sequences and three types of euchromatin The sequences are spliced together. The heterochromatin sequence is about 40Mb long and has not been sequenced yet. The euchromatin sequence is about 23Mb long, including 156 transcription units and 78 protein-coding genes, encoding only 27 proteins. Type 3 euchromatin regions mainly include three parts, among which the X transposable region is about 3.4Mb long and contains only 2 genes, and the X degenerate region contains 16 genes in XThere are single copies of homologous genes on the chromosome, including sex-determining factors. The amplified region is a highly repetitive sequence, about 10.2Mb long, containing about 60 genes, belonging to 9 gene families, all of which have male-specific functions and most of them Located in 8 palindrome structures.
The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome that determines the gender of an organism. The genes on the Y chromosome can only be passed from father to son, leaving a genealogy. Can be used for research on family disease history.
Do people with three Y chromosomes exist
Are there people in the world? There are many people who have XY chromosomes but are female, and there are also many people who have XX chromosomes but are male. This condition is called sex reversal syndrome. The probability of being an XX male is about 1/20000, which is still very high. of.
4. What genes are on the Y chromosome
1.SRY (sex-determiningregionY) gene: Mainly responsible for male reproductive development. It is the most important gene on the Y chromosome and can affect gender characteristics.
2.AMELY (amelygene) gene: Mainly responsible for sperm development in male reproductive cells.
3.EIF2S3Y (eukaryotic initiation factor2subunit3Y-linked) gene: mainly affects the development of male germ cells.
4.DDX3Y (deadboxprotein3Y-linked) gene: mainly affects the development of male germ cells.
5. USP9Y (ubiquitinspecificpeptidase9Y-linked) gene: mainly affects the development of male germ cells.
6. RPS4Y1 (ribosomal protein S4Y-linked1) gene: mainly affects the development of male germ cells.
7.AZF1 (azoospermiafactor1) gene: mainly affects the development of male sperm.
8. NLGN4Y (neuroligin4Y-linked) gene: mainly affects male phenotype.
5. What does one more y chromosome mean
One more The Y chromosome means that in the human chromosome set, male individuals have an extra Y chromosome. Normally, the chromosome set of a male individual is XY, while the chromosome set of a female individual is XX. An extra Y chromosome may be caused by a chromosomal abnormality, a condition called 47,XYY syndrome. An extra Y chromosome usually does not cause obvious physical or intellectual disabilities, but it may cause some behavioral and learning differences. The incidence of this condition in the human population is relatively low, approximately 1 in 1,000 men.
6. What does the presence of y chromosome in the sample mean
1 The presence of Y chromosome in the sample means that the male cells in the sample can show Y chromosome characteristics. The Y chromosome is a special chromosome that only exists in male reproductive cells, not in females.
2. Compared with other chromosomes, its length and size are much smaller, usually only about 2-3% of the chromosome composition, and its main Its function is to determine gender. Every male cell has a Y chromosome, but every female cell does not.
Okay, this article ends here. If it can help everyone, please pay attention to this site!
