Insulin resistance
Insulin resistance is one of the main causes of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. So what does insulin resistance mean? Simply put, the human body has a certain degree of resistance to insulin, making the body insensitive to insulin. The impact of normal doses of insulin on people is much lower than that of people without insulin resistance.
What is insulin resistance syndrome?
Generally speaking, most ingredients are converted into glucose after being digested by relevant organs. Then insulin binds to receptors in cells, allowing glucose to enter the cells and maintain the energy that everyone wants every day. However, after insulin resistance, insulin cannot bind to the receptor, causing glucose to be unable to enter cells and become localized in the blood.
As blood sugar in the body rises, pancreatic cells secrete a large amount of insulin, eventually falling into an endless loop, causing insulinemia. Of course, the pancreatic cells will be tired from such \”hard work\” in metabolizing insulin. After the pancreatic cells are exhausted, they no longer have the function of metabolizing insulin, resulting in insufficient insulin secretion, leading to typical type 2 diabetes. 
Causes of insulin resistance
1. Families suffering from type 2 diabetes or other metabolic diseases are more likely to develop insulin resistance.
2. Poor living conditions, such as high-calorie diet, lack of exercise, obesity (especially abdominal obesity) and long-term stress, can lead to insulin resistance.
3. As age increases, the body\’s sensitivity to insulin may decrease.
4. Long-term use of certain drugs, such as corticosteroids, antipsychotics and birth control pills, can also lead to insulin resistance.
5. Long-term inflammation and oxidative stress may compromise the efficacy of insulin.
The diagnosis of insulin resistance is generally based on blood glucose levels and insulin levels, including oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting blood glucose evaluation and glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1)c) test. 
Insulin resistance treatment methods
1. Improve lifestyle: The way to improve insulin sensitivity is to adjust insulin sensitivity based on a balanced diet, improved physical activity, weight loss and stress reduction.Emotional.
2. Medication: The doctor may recommend some drugs, such as metformin, to help control blood sugar and improve the efficacy of insulin.
3. Manage other health problems: If you have coronary heart disease, high cholesterol or other related diseases, you should also receive certain treatment and management.
The key to clinical observation of insulin resistance is to basically identify and manage potential risks and develop good living habits. Regular physical exams and consultation with your doctor can help monitor and manage insulin resistance.
Diagnostic basis of insulin resistance
There are two diagnostic standards for insulin resistance syndrome. One is the diagnostic basis proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1998, and the other is the diagnostic basis for ATP III insulin resistance. The details are as follows:
The World Health Organization (WHO) diagnoses insulin resistance as due to a decrease in insulin sensitivity
WHO diagnostic criteria
1. Hypertension: blood pressure ≥160/90 mmHg;
2. Hyperlipidemia: triacylglycerol (triglyceride) is greater than or equal to ≥1.7 mmol/L and/or HDL-C<0.9 mmol/L (men) and <1.0 mmol/L (Female);
3. Central obesity: waist-to-hip ratio >0.90 (men) and >0.85 (women) and/or body mass index (BMI) >33 kg/m2;
4. Microalbuminuria: urinary protein excretion rate ≥ 20 micrograms/min or urinary albumin/creatinine ratio ≥ 20 mg/g.
If the above two or more abnormalities are met, insulin resistance syndrome can be diagnosed.
