In the examination of female infertility, in addition to the doctor asking about the medical history and conducting a general physical examination and gynecological examination, most of them first conduct preliminary blood tests, urine and feces tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, blood type, and chest X-rays to rule out possible causes of infertility. Systemic diseases or other diseases of pregnancy. Then check the ovulation function. There are many ways to detect ovulation, but the most practical ones are measuring basal body temperature and checking cervical mucus. These two tests can roughly determine whether ovulation occurs, but they cannot clearly determine the day of ovulation. There may be an error of 5 to 7 days. There are also cases where ovulation is still possible even though the cervical mucus is always thin and thick, and the basal body temperature is extremely atypical.
The post-coital test is usually performed during the ovulation period. The main purpose is to check whether sperm can pass through cervical mucus and enter the uterus. It can also reflect the presence of anti-sperm antibodies or cervical lesions.
In order to understand the degree of endometrial development, an endometrial biopsy must be done before menstruation. If the basal body temperature and luteal corpus insufficiency are present, the progesterone hormone in the urine should be measured to identify whether it is luteal insufficiency caused by the ovaries or endometrial insufficiency during the secretory phase of the uterus.
In order to determine the patency of the fallopian tubes, a fallopian tube ventilation test or uterine or fallopian tube angiography should be performed after menstruation is clear and before ovulation.
If there is suspected uterine malformation and certain endocrine dysfunction diseases (such as polycystic ovary syndrome), or if a mass is palpable in the pelvic cavity and the relationship between the mass and the internal genitalia needs to be understood, pelvic pneumatic angiography can be performed Or double contrast imaging (hysterosalpingography is performed while the pelvic cavity is inflated).
Patients with ovulatory dysfunction should undergo a variety of more complex tests to determine the cause. At the initial diagnosis, when endocrine diseases are suspected, corresponding endocrine tests are required, such as thyroid, adrenal cortex, pancreatic islet function, etc. Those suspected to be caused by neurological diseases should undergo autonomic nervous system function tests. Depending on the situation, some may also need to conduct immunological tests to determine the presence of anti-sperm antibodies, or undergo laparoscopy to find reasons that are difficult to find with general examinations.
This article is provided by Baidu Reading and is excerpted from \”The Clear \”Conception\” Plan\” Author: Sun Jianqiu and Xie Yingbiao