Where does a paternity test have legal effect?
Paternity testing refers to a method of determining the parent-child relationship by detecting the genetic sequence between the father and the child. However, since the results of the paternity test may have an impact on the family, it needs to be conducted legally, fairly, and safely. So, where does a paternity test have legal effect?
Public Security Bureau Forensic Identification Center
The Forensic Identification Center of the Public Security Bureau is a legally effective paternity testing agency managed by the Ministry of Public Security. Before the identification can be carried out, the father needs to have valid identification documents of the child\’s mother and child. After the appraisal is completed, the center will issue a legally binding appraisal certificate, which can be used to resolve civil, criminal and other legal disputes involving parent-child relationships.
Advantages:
1. High reference value: The identification results of the judicial identification center of the public security organ have high reference value and can be used as a reference for courts, public security organs and other institutions.
2. Strong comprehensiveness: The judicial appraisal center of the public security organ can conduct appraisals such as paternity testing, relative testing, and human genetic testing.
3. High impartiality: The judicial appraisal center of the public security organ strictly controls the qualifications and technical level of the appraisal personnel to ensure the fairness of the appraisal results.
Inadequacy:
1. Long time cycle: The forensic identification center of the public security organ takes about a month, which is not suitable for situations where identification results are urgently needed.
2. The cost is relatively high: The identification fee of the forensic identification center of the public security organ is relatively high, around 1,000 yuan.
3. Personal presence is required: The appraisal process requires physical presence and is not suitable for remote appraisal.
Hospital Genetic Testing Center
A hospital genetic testing center refers to a legal, fair and safe medical institution that can conduct paternity testing. Before the identification can be conducted, the father, mother, and children need to be present and submit relevant identity documents and blood samples. After the appraisal is completed, the center will issue an appraisal report with legal effect.
Advantages:
1. The time cycle is short: The identification time of the hospital genetic testing center is generally about 5 to 7 days.
2. Strong professionalism: The identification of the hospital\’s genetic testing center is supported by many professions such as medicine and biology, and the identification results are relatively accurate.
3. Lower cost: The cost of identification at the hospital’s genetic testing center is lower than that at the public security agency’s forensic identification center, at about 800 yuan.
Inadequacy:
1. Large differences in qualifications: There are differences in the technical level and integrity of hospital genetic testing centers, so it is necessary to choose an authoritative and reliable institution.
2. It is difficult to ensure fairness: There are problems such as forged samples and agency appraisals during the appraisal process, making it difficult to guarantee the fairness of the appraisal results.
3. Required to be present: The identification process requires physical presence and is not suitable for remote identification.
Third-party authoritative appraisal agency
Third-party authoritative identification agencies refer to paternity testing institutions that are independent of public security organs and hospitals, such as DNA testing centers, soapberry testing, etc. Before conducting the appraisal, the father and child must be present and submit relevant ID cards.parts and blood samples, etc. After the appraisal is completed, the center will issue an appraisal report with legal effect.
Advantages:
1. Wide range of choices: There are various third-party authoritative appraisal agencies with a wide range of choices. Parents can choose the appropriate agency according to their actual situation.
2. Strong flexibility: The third-party authoritative appraisal agency has a variety of appraisal items, which can be selected according to needs. You can also choose flexible appraisal methods, such as mail-in appraisal methods.
3. Reasonable price: The price of third-party authoritative appraisal institutions is lower than that of judicial appraisals by public security organs and genetic testing centers in hospitals, ranging from 600 yuan to 800 yuan.
Inadequacy:
1. The quality is uneven: There are differences in the level of authoritative appraisal institutions. It is necessary to choose formal and professional institutions for appraisal.
2. It is difficult to guarantee the legal effects: Since the institution is not an authoritative agency, there is a certain risk in whether its identification results have legal effects.
3. Integrity is difficult to guarantee: There is great competition among institutions, and there are problems such as profit-driven and lack of credibility.
Summary
To sum up, the judicial appraisal center of the public security organ, the genetic testing center of the hospital and the third-party authoritative appraisal institution are the three legal ways to conduct paternity testing at present. Different agencies have their own advantages and disadvantages, and families need to choose the appropriate agency for paternity testing based on their actual circumstances. At the same time, families should play an appropriate role in paternity test results, respect legal principles and family relationships, and promote family harmony and harmony.
