Some patients with male infertility have organic lesions that cannot be solved with drugs and can only be treated with surgery. Surgical treatments mainly include the following categories:
(1) Genital malformation or developmental abnormalities: span>Common ones include cryptorchidism, urethral stricture, urethral fistula, hypospadias, epispadias and severe Peyronie\’s disease.
(2) Obstructive azoospermia:Including caused by congenital absence of vas deferens and seminal vesicles Obstructive azoospermia; segmental agenesis of the vas deferens; iatrogenic injury or ligation of the vas deferens; congenital stenosis of the ejaculatory duct orifice, etc.
(3) Varicocele: In male infertility, varicocele The incidence rate is as high as 20% to 35%. Treatment with high ligation of the internal spermatic vein can restore fertility to some patients.
(4) Organic sexual dysfunction:Including severe trauma to the penis, pelvic fracture, Erectile dysfunction caused by vascular factors (such as venous fistulas) or neurological diseases, as well as some patients with retrograde ejaculation caused by organic lesions.
This article is provided by Baidu Reading and is excerpted from \”The Clear \”Conception\” Plan\” Author: Sun Jianqiu and Xie Yingbiao